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dual-microstructure processing

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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14a.a0004003
EISBN: 978-1-62708-185-6
... and titanium alloys. The TMP techniques include retained-strain processing, dual-microstructure processing, and dual-alloy processing. The article also describes the TMP of alpha-beta titanium alloys, including fine-grain processing, hybrid-structure processing, dual-microstructure processing, and dual-alloy...
Image
Published: 01 June 2016
Fig. 40 (a) Schematic of dual-microstructure heat treating process apparatus. (b) Micrograph of dual-microstructure heat treated disk. Source: Ref 36 More
Image
Published: 01 February 2024
Fig. 53 Schematic of thermal processing and microstructures obtained in dual-phase, complex-phase, transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP), and martensitic grades. Adapted from Ref 57 More
Book Chapter

By G.R. Speich
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01.a0001026
EISBN: 978-1-62708-161-0
... Abstract Dual-phase steels are a new class of high-strength low alloy (HSLA) steels characterized by a microstructure consisting of about 20% hard martensite particles dispersed in a soft ductile ferrite matrix. In addition to high tensile strength, in the range of 550 MPa (80 ksi), dual-phase...
Image
Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 4 Macrograph of the cross section of a turbine disk processed to a dual microstructure by a transient-heating method. Courtesy of Ladish Company, Inc. More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 09 June 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04c.a0005867
EISBN: 978-1-62708-167-2
... the metallurgy of the core. This article provides an overview of gear technology and materials selection. It describes different gear-hardening patterns, namely, tooth-by-tooth hardening, tip-by-tip hardening, gap-by-gap hardening, spin hardening, single-frequency gear hardening, dual-frequency gear hardening...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 09 June 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04c.a0005869
EISBN: 978-1-62708-167-2
... attractive. High standards of repeatability of the energy input into the part make the process safe and stable. The development of simultaneous dual-frequency (SDF) generators with a high power output in the last 10 years also has led to an increase in the use of induction hardening. Past development...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006094
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... to powder and by consolidation methods that achieved full density without melting powder particles. A further benefit of the powder metallurgy (PM) process is that consolidated products develop fine grain microstructures from extrusion and billet conversion, which are superplastic and amenable to isothermal...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005163
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... Improvements in hole expansion by modification of microstructure. TRIP, transformation-induced plasticity; DP, dual phase. Source: Ref 6 Properties of HSS and AHSS <xref rid="a0005163-ref3" ref-type="bibr">(Ref 3)</xref> Plastic Flow A comparison between typical engineering stress-strain curves...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 22B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v22b.a0005504
EISBN: 978-1-62708-197-9
... simulations of microstructural evolution during materials processing and materials response. It also explains how the 3-D experimental data are actually input and used in the simulations using phase-field modeling and finite-element modeling. finite element method focused ion beam tomography...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005787
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... diagrams represent transformation from a fully austenitized, relatively homogeneous condition, which is not always desirable or obtainable in annealing. In the continuous annealing process, the intercritical annealing is leveraged to develop dual-phase and tri-phase microstructures, with final...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01.a0001008
EISBN: 978-1-62708-161-0
... Abstract This article describes microstructures and microstructure-property relationships in steels. It emphasizes the correlation of microstructure and properties as a function of carbon content and processing in low-alloy steels. The article discusses the iron-carbon phase diagram...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003761
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... steels; in fact, in most cases it is highly undesirable. However, it is a desirable and necessary constituent in some special low-carbon advanced high-strength steels. These are the dual-phase and steels. Islands of martensite can be seen in the dual-phase steel microstructure in Fig. 10 . Special...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003721
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... are rod-shaped particles embedded in a matrix and cellular precipitates. Another important example is the type of dual-phase HSLA sheet steels characterized by a microstructure consisting of about 20% hard martensite particles dispersed in a soft ductile ferrite matrix ( Fig. 7 ). The term dual phase...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003527
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... is an investigative process in which visual observations are made and conclusions are drawn based on physical evidence and features present on a failed component. Recording the features observed in a failure analysis is critical both to document the component condition and to communicate the results of the failure...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005772
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... or change in microstructure has occurred after 30 days of exposure to 650 °C (1200 °F) temperature. Boriding of Ferrous Materials The boriding process consists of two types of reaction ( Ref 8 ). The first reaction takes place between the boron-yielding substance and the component surface...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005786
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... microstructure in many steels, which transforms during later processing or heat treatment to the microstructure desired in the particular steel alloy of interest. Austenitization refers to heating into the austenite phase field, during which the austenite structure is formed. Austenite is the high-temperature...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4F
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 February 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v4F.a0006995
EISBN: 978-1-62708-450-5
... classified as malleable, white, gray, and nodular irons; Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of their processing. Table 2 shows the classification of cast irons according to their microstructure and fracture appearance. Some alloying elements promote the formation of cementite and have a whitening...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003090
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... Abstract The properties of irons and steels are linked to the chemical composition, processing path, and resulting microstructure of the material. For a particular iron and steel composition, most properties depend on microstructure. Processing is a means to develop and control microstructure...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14a.a0003971
EISBN: 978-1-62708-185-6
... limits on temperature for the process, therefore, hot-die forging coupled with finite-element modeling for process design have been utilized. As with nickel-base superalloys, special heat treatments have been developed to provide dual (and graded) microstructures in alpha-beta titanium alloys ( Ref...