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Draft angle that facilities demolding part. Required draft angle increases ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 November 1995
Fig. 5 Draft angle that facilities demolding part. Required draft angle increases with decreasing linear coefficient of thermal expansion of material, and with depth of texture on mold.
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Image
Tapered rib with constant rib width, draft angle, fillet, and corner radius...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
Fig. 15 Tapered rib with constant rib width, draft angle, fillet, and corner radius. Width at base of rib varies
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Book Chapter
Forging Design Involving Draft
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14a.a0004034
EISBN: 978-1-62708-185-6
... Abstract This article schematically illustrates the basic types of drafts used in forging design, including outside draft, inside draft, blend draft, natural draft, shift draft, and back draft. The amount of draft, or the draft angle, is designated in degrees and is measured from the axis...
Abstract
This article schematically illustrates the basic types of drafts used in forging design, including outside draft, inside draft, blend draft, natural draft, shift draft, and back draft. The amount of draft, or the draft angle, is designated in degrees and is measured from the axis of a hammer or press stroke. The article illustrates the measurement of draft angle by describing the designs of forgings produced in equipment with vertical and horizontal rams. The use of excessive amounts of draft usually results in an increase in overall cost. The article describes various alternatives for reducing or eliminating draft. It provides a checklist citing major items that should be coordinated with a designer's review of draft.
Image
Published: 15 May 2022
Image
Definition of inside and outside draft and limitations on the depth of the ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 1990
Fig. 14 Definition of inside and outside draft and limitations on the depth of the cavities between the ribs. Typically, inside-draft angles exceed outside-draft angles.
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Image
Definition of inside and outside draft and limitations on the depth of the ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
Fig. 18 Definition of inside and outside draft and limitations on the depth of the cavities between the ribs. Typically, inside-draft angles exceed outside-draft angles.
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Image
Truss forging for airframe nose landing gear wheel well fitting, shown in p...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
Straight; along central plane of web Draft angle 0°, 5°, and 6° (c) Minimum rib width 3 mm (0.12 in.) Maximum rib height-to-width ratio 8:1 Minimum and typical fillet radius 6.4 mm (0.25 in.) Minimum corner radius 1.5 mm (0.06 in.) Typical corner radius 3 mm (0.12 in.) Minimum
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Image
Conventional forging for wing spar root fitting (a), designed with 5° draft...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
(a) Mechanical properties (a) (b) Inspection Penetrant (a) (c) Plan area (approx) 161 cm 2 (25 in. 2 ) (a) Parting line Straight, along base (a) Draft angle 10° (± 1 2 °), included (d) Minimum rib width 7.6 mm (0.300 in.) (a) Maximum rib height-to-width ratio 5:1
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Aluminum alloy adaptor hook forgings. (a) Hammer or press forging of origin...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
(a) Heat treatment (temper) T6 (a) Mechanical properties (a) (b) Weight of forging (approx) 0.27 kg (0.6 lb) (c) Weight of finished part (approx) 0.27 kg (0.6 lb) (a) Plan area (approx) 55 cm 2 (8.5 in. 2 ) Parting line See figure Draft angle 0° (d) Minimum radius
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Image
Wing stringer clip forgings of (a) conventional and (b) close-tolerance des...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
(a) Mechanical properties (a) (b) Inspection Penetrant (a) (c) Parting line Straight, along base (a) Draft angle 1 1 2 ° (+1 1 2 °, −1 1 2 °) (d) Rib widths 2.3, 2.5, 3.2, and 4.6 mm (0.090, 0.100, 0.125, and 0.180 in.) Maximum rib height-to-width ratio
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Book Chapter
Forging of Copper and Copper Alloys
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14a.a0003997
EISBN: 978-1-62708-185-6
.... Small draft angles can easily be accommodated within these tolerance limits ( Ref 2 ). Tolerances for small copper-base forgings with weights up to 1 kg (2 lb) Table 1 Tolerances for small copper-base forgings with weights up to 1 kg (2 lb) Forging types Tolerances, mm (in.) or degrees...
Abstract
This article focuses on forging processes and equipment, types of forging alloys, and the forging practices associated with the forging of copper and copper alloys. An overview of the forging tolerances for small copper-base forgings is presented in a table.
Image
Draft required for walls and holes for standard and precision aluminum die ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2008
Fig. 2 Draft required for walls and holes for standard and precision aluminum die castings. (a) Draft as a function of distance from parting line. Primary units of the draft are inches. (b) Draft angle as a function of distance from parting line. Source: Adapted from Ref 3
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Image
Draft required for walls and holes for standard and precision aluminum die ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 30 November 2018
Fig. 24 Draft required for walls and holes for standard and precision aluminum die castings. (a) Draft as a function of distance from parting line. Primary units of the draft are inches. (b) Draft angle as a function of distance from parting line. Source: Adapted from Ref 13
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Image
Close-tolerance bulkhead corner splice forging that was forged in a tilted ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
(8.1 in. 2 ) (a) Parting line Broken, following bottom edge of web, then top exterior of rib (e) Draft angle 0° (± 1 2 °) (f) Minimum rib width 3.1 mm (0.12 in.) (g) Maximum rib height-to-width ratio 7:1 (h) Fillet radii 6.4 mm (0.25 in.) (a) Minimum corner radius
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Image
Pump casting produced with minimum draft in a shell mold When casting had b...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2008
Fig. 31 Pump casting produced with minimum draft in a shell mold When casting had been poured in a green sand mold, shaft portion required a draft angle of 1° 30 min and had to be machined.
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Image
Forging for a nozzle boss fitting used in a rocket engine. As shown, draft ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
Fig. 4 Forging for a nozzle boss fitting used in a rocket engine. As shown, draft angles are measured from the direction of the ram, which in this instance is vertical. Dimensions given in inches.
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Hollow cylindrical forging produced in an upsetting forging machine, illust...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
Fig. 6 Hollow cylindrical forging produced in an upsetting forging machine, illustrating that draft angles are measured both from the direction of closure of gripper dies and from the direction of ram of the forging plug
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Image
In this sand casting as originally designed, excessively thin walls resulte...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2008
Fig. 5 In this sand casting as originally designed, excessively thin walls resulted in cold shuts and shrinkage. Overcorrecting by nearly doubling all wall thicknesses and by increasing the draft angle eliminated defects but added unnecessarily to the weight. Alloy was AZ91 magnesium
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Image
Compressor disk forgings of original and revised designs, showing machined ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
part 2.92 kg (6.44 lb) (h) Plan area (approx) 929 cm 2 (144 in. 2 ) (i) Parting line Straight, in center plane of web Draft angle 7° (±1°) (j) Minimum fillet radius 15.7 mm (0.620 in.) (a) Typical fillet radius 16.1 mm, ±0.38 mm (0.635 in., ±0.015 in.) (k) Corner radii
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Leading-edge fin rib forging produced by the no-draft forging process. See ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
area (approx) 568 cm 2 (88 in. 2 ) Parting line Straight; along top of peripheral ribs Draft angle 0° (± 1 2 °) Minimum rib width 2.5 mm (0.10 in.) Maximum rib height-to-width ratio 9:1 Minimum fillet radius 4.1 mm (0.16 in.) Typical fillet radius 6.4 mm (0.25
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