This article is an overview of the division Surface Analysis of this volume. The division covers various developed surface-analysis techniques, such as scanning probe and atomic force microscopy. The division focuses on the analysis of surface layers that are less than 100 nm. A quick reference summary of surface-analysis methods is presented in this article.

This article is an atlas of fractographs that helps in understanding the causes and mechanisms of fracture of cobalt alloys (cast Vitallium and cast ASTM F75 alloys) and in identifying and interpreting the morphology of fracture surfaces. The fractographs illustrate the fatigue fracture, microcrack, and stair-step fracture surface of these alloys.

Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is useful in analyzing mixtures of organic compounds. This article commences with a description of the principles of mass spectrometry and gas chromatography. It provides information on the procedures of mass spectrum interpretation, and describes the experimental procedure of and sample preparation for GC/MS. The article also discusses complementary techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry, and concludes with the applications of GC/MS.

Ordered intermetallic compounds based on aluminides and silicides constitute a unique class of metallic materials that have promising physical and mechanical properties for structural applications at elevated temperatures. This article provides useful information on mechanical and metallurgical properties, material processing and fabrication, structural applications, mechanical behavior, environmental embrittlement, alloying effects, and crystal structure of aluminides of nickel, iron, titanium, and silicides. It describes the cleavage and intergranular fracture in trialuminides.

This article discusses the chief magnetic characteristics of permanent magnet materials. It provides a detailed description on nominal compositions; principal magnet designations; magnetic, physical, and mechanical properties; selection criteria; and applications of the permanent magnet materials, which include magnet steels, magnet alloys, alnico alloys, platinum-cobalt alloys, cobalt and rare-earth alloys, hard ferrites, iron-chromium-cobalt alloys, and neodymium-iron-boron alloys.