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Book Chapter

By George F. Vander Voort
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006818
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... and die failures are also covered. In addition, the article focuses on a number of factors that are responsible for tool and die failures, including mechanical design, grade selection, steel quality, machining processes, heat treatment operation, and tool and die setup. cold working dies failure...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005140
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
...-aluminum, and steel-bonded carbides. The article describes factors to be considered during the selection of materials for press-forming dies. aluminum bronze cast irons ferrous die materials material selection nonferrous die materials plastic die materials plastics press-forming dies...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005160
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... Abstract This article discusses different factors for selecting progressive dies: costs, production volume, and press availability. It describes the purposes of strip development for a ring shaped part and presents the principles for the development of progressive dies. The article provides...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005179
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... on shallow forming dies. The article describes the wear of material for dies to draw round and square cup-shaped metal parts in a press. It also discusses the effect of process conditions on the shallow forming dies. bending deep drawing deep-drawing dies ironing lubrication metal forming shallow...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005148
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
.... The types of dies and other tooling used for conventional deep drawing are illustrated in Fig. 1 . Fig. 1 Schematic showing tools used for the first draw (top) and the first redraw (bottom) in deep drawing It is sometimes necessary for redrawn shells to have a wrinkle-free sidewall of uniform...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14a.a0004022
EISBN: 978-1-62708-185-6
... Abstract For forming processes, optimization goals range from tuning the process parameters while keeping geometry unchanged to finding optimal geometry for intermediate dies in a multistage forming operation. This article commences with a description on the three salient steps of optimization...
Book Chapter

By Kuldeep Agarwal, Rajiv Shivpuri
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14a.a0004024
EISBN: 978-1-62708-185-6
... process. The indirect rapid tooling technologies include 3D Keltool process, hot isostatic pressing, rapid solidification process tooling, precision spray forming, and radially constricted consolidation process. 3D Keltool process direct rapid tooling forging dies hot isostatic pressing indirect...
Book Chapter

By Rajiv Shivpuri
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14a.a0003975
EISBN: 978-1-62708-185-6
... Abstract This article addresses dies and die materials used for hot forging in vertical presses, hammers, and horizontal forging machines (upsetters). It reviews the properties of die materials for hot forging, including good hardenability, resistance to wear, plastic deformation, thermal...
Book Chapter

By George F. Vander Voort
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0001814
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... Abstract This article describes the characteristics of tools and dies and the causes of their failures. It discusses the failure mechanisms in tool and die materials that are important to nearly all manufacturing processes, but is primarily devoted to failures of tool steels used in cold...
Book Chapter

By John Y. Riedel
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0009222
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... presents a seven-step procedure to be followed when looking for the reason for a failure. A review of the results of the seven-point investigation may lead directly to the source of failure or narrow the field of investigation to permit the use of special tests. dies failure grinding handling heat...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003183
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... Abstract Forging machines use a wide variety of hammers, presses, and dies to produce products with the desired shape, size, and geometry. This article discusses the major types of hammers (gravity-drop, power-drop, high speed, and open-die forging), and presses (mechanical, hydraulic, screw...
Image
Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 13 Locked and counterlocked dies. (a) Locked dies with no means to counteract side thrust. (b) Counterlocked dies. (c) Dies requiring no counterlock because the forging has been rotated to minimize side thrust More
Image
Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 24 Temperatures in dies with air-water cooling of the dies between blows. Initial die temperature: 100 °C (210 °F). Initial stock temperatures: (1) 1150 °C (2100 °F), (2) 1050 °C (1920 °F), (3) 950 °C (1740 °F). Upper curves are the temperatures achieved during forging; lower curves More
Image
Published: 01 December 1998
Fig. 12 Locked and counterlocked dies. Locked dies (a) with no means of counteracting side thrust, (b) with counterlock, and (c) requiring no counterlock because the forging has been rotated to minimize side thrust. More
Image
Published: 01 January 1990
Fig. 11 Locked or stepped dies used to equalize thrust More
Image
Published: 01 January 1990
Fig. 12 Orientation of a forging in the die to avoid counterlocked dies and to eliminate draft. Workpiece forged with (a) and without (b) lock in die More
Image
Published: 30 September 2015
Fig. 10 Effect on distribution of flow caused by use of dies of different conicity. Small-scale experiments with cylindrical tin samples. Source: Ref 6 More
Image
Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 7 Stress-number of cycles fatigue plot for a gravity die-cast automotive diesel engine block. The alloy is AlSi7MgCu0.5. Fatigue life was determined using rotating beam equipment. At a given stress level, a three- to ten-fold increase in fatigue life is seen when HIP is used. The fatigue l... More
Image
Published: 01 January 2006
Fig. 19 Methods of applying shear to punches and dies More
Image
Published: 01 January 2006
Fig. 19 Relative service lives of three steel dies and one carbide die. Die life was obtained under the same operating conditions; that is, the blanking of 3.25% Si electrical steel sheet 0.36 mm (0.014 in.) thick. Dies were reground when they had worn sufficiently to produce a burr 0.13 mm More