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depressurization rate

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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006074
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... shapes and their influence in determining tap density of the filled mold. It provides a discussion on process parameters, such as dwell time, depressurization rate, evaluation of green strength and density, and thermal processing, and illustrates a process flowchart for the production of CIP parts...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003516
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... on the life of a component. For fracture mechanics methods, material behavior is described by fracture toughness and crack growth rate data, and geometry is defined through a dimensionless β factor. For traditional fatigue methods such as the stress-life method, an S - N curve, which plots stress versus...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05b.a0006035
EISBN: 978-1-62708-172-6
.... Coated steel and concrete surfaces are exposed to extremes of temperatures and rapidly fluctuating pressures including nearly explosive depressurization, steam, and water immersion. Coating systems that have been improperly selected, procured, applied, or inspected may detach and create debris...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0003014
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
... to the vent, and a specially designed screw is required to depressurize the melt in the region of the vent to keep it from extruding through the vent. The reciprocating screw usually has three successive zones, each with specific functions: The feed zone of relatively deep screw flights conveys...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05a.a0005758
EISBN: 978-1-62708-171-9
... displace oxygen, elevated CO 2 levels affect the respiratory system, changing pulse rates and blood pressure. Three percent (3%) CO 2 can impair judgment and increase pulse rate and blood pressure; unconsciousness can result from concentrations of 10% or above in less than 1 min. Death can follow. Where...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05b.a0006026
EISBN: 978-1-62708-172-6
... racks of test panels containing candidate coating systems from a bridge structure (facility-specific performance evaluation) and rate them every six months for corrosion resistance and/or aesthetic characteristics. Independently Generated Data versus Coating-Manufacturer-Generated Data Most...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002362
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... ) and the general fatigue life behavior of engineering component applications ( Fig. 2 , 3 ). Many environments can produce a profound increase in crack growth rates, including seemingly innocuous environments such as high-purity water, laboratory air, and very low partial pressures of oxygen, hydrogen, or water...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 24
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2020
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v24.a0006552
EISBN: 978-1-62708-290-7
... pressure for a large number of HIP cycles. Most HIP units are designed and rated for pressures between 40 and 207 MPa (6 and 30 ksi), with a few exceptions for higher-pressure HIP units. A HIP pressure vessel should always be manufactured and certified according to one of the governing codes...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04b.a0005926
EISBN: 978-1-62708-166-5
... is metered. Flow rate is a function of the volume of a furnace chamber and time. A practical flow formula that is sufficiently accurate to deal with furnace atmosphere flows is as follows: (Eq 1) Q = 1651.25 × A × C × h / d where Q is the flow rate, in ft 3 /h; A is the area...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004145
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
...) of varying magnitudes; such piping systems include, for instance, the high- and low-pressure coolant injection (HPCI, LPCI), high- and low-pressure core spray (HPCS, LPCS), and the automatic depressurization system (ADS), which permits effective operation of the low-pressure emergency coolant systems...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006042
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... or hold at the desired temperature. Depressurize and cool. When desired, temperatures and/or pressures may be held constant at some set-point below maximum during either heating or cooling. Cooling rates achieved in HIP units can vary considerably. Early HIP units allow only the natural cooling...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0003053
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
... (machined before sintering) or final machined to size. The powder systems used with dry consolidation methods are best tested by dynamic response techniques. These include the compaction response diagram ( Ref 1 , 2 , 3 ), as well as the more recently developed compaction rate diagram ( Ref 4...
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005261
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... Steps The following describes the basic counterpressure casting cycle steps ( Fig. 11 ): The die closes to initiate the casting cycle. The mold chamber is set up to seal at the same time as the die halves. The furnace is pressurized at the same rate as the mold chamber. Once the furnace...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002397
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... Abstract This article summarizes the metallurgy of carbon and alloy steels, followed by discussions on their major mechanical properties, namely, static fracture toughness, dynamic fracture toughness, fatigue or sustained-load crack growth rates, and fatigue or sustained-load thresholds...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05a.a0005729
EISBN: 978-1-62708-171-9
... into the wafering blade at a constant rate and force that are controlled electronically. Courtesy of Struers, Inc. These consumable abrasive cutoff wheels are available with different levels of bonding; that is, the amount of porosity is varied to control hardness. A soft wheel has a relatively porous rubber...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006135
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... of a sintering atmosphere is to protect metal parts from the effects of contact with air. Atmospheres must be maintained at sufficient pressure and flow rate to prevent infiltration of air through furnace openings. In addition to protecting the part, atmospheres provide sufficient conduction and convection...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003694
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... hold on the deadman valve closes the air inlet valve, shutting off any incoming air from the compressor to the machine and instantly opening the bleed-off or depressurizing valve. Consider the possibility of an operator who faints, collapses, or falls off the scaffold. This person may be within...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006107
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... of BET Method The BET model is based on a kinetic model of the adsorption process that was described first by Langmuir in 1916 ( Ref 3 , 4 ). Langmuir regarded the solid surface as an array of adsorption sites, and a state of dynamic equilibrium was postulated in which the rate molecules arrive...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004211
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... with substantial nickel (e.g., cupronickel and alloy 400), the performance of these alloys is inferior to comparably priced stainless or nickel-base alloys. The usual mode of corrosion failure of brass and copper alloys in refinery applications includes excessive corrosion rate, pitting, dezincification...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 8
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v08.a0003309
EISBN: 978-1-62708-176-4
..., and ceramics can be susceptible. Even materials such as very pure metals, which were once considered not susceptible to environmentally assisted cracking, have usually, on more detailed investigation, proven to be so. Relevant crack propagation rates from environmentally assisted cracking can range from more...