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debris-induced systemic effects

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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 23
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v23.a0005666
EISBN: 978-1-62708-198-6
... addresses the biologic aspects of implant debris, both locally and systemically. It describes debris-induced local effects, particle-induced proinflammatory responses, and debris-induced systemic effects. The article concludes with a discussion on the four systemic effects of implant debris, namely...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006829
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
..., which increases the load on the remaining wires. Furthermore, fretting wear may induce fretting notch effect, lead to removal of the lubricant from the fretted interface, and allow access of the corrosive ambient, which further promotes such fatigue crack damages. The accumulation of debris also leads...
Book Chapter

By P.H. Shipway
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 18
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v18.a0006414
EISBN: 978-1-62708-192-4
... of a contact. Although oxide debris is usually harder than the metal from which it is generated, oxide abrasion is not generally a major contributor to wear. In contrast, debris generally has a strong protective effect by limiting metal-to-metal contact and possibly taking up some of the movement between...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 18
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v18.a0006380
EISBN: 978-1-62708-192-4
... sliding are helpful to understand what can occur due to dry sliding. In this work, transitions in wear rate—either as the system ages (natural transitions) or due to changes in the imposed conditions (induced transitions)—can play an important role in wear life and functionality. Despite that, much...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003562
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... in the second case ( Ref 2 ). The movement was controlled by a long lever system. Because the resultant debris on steel specimens was the red iron oxide α-Fe 2 O 3 , which had risen from a chemical reaction with oxygen in the air, Tomlinson ( Ref 2 ) coined the phrase fretting corrosion . The investigation...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 23
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v23.a0005659
EISBN: 978-1-62708-198-6
... quantitative analysis of the material demonstrates the presence of a known toxic molecule, it is necessary to show that the amount which may be released into the patient, that is, dose, is below the toxicity threshold for the duration of the device. This includes both local and systemic ( Ref 2 ) effects...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004103
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
.... Between pH 4.5 and 7, both dichloramine and monochloramine exist. They are very volatile; therefore, distillation will not remove them. Three chloride-induced corrosion mechanisms affect stainless steel in the pharmaceutical systems: pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion, and chloride stress-corrosion...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006793
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... in. This can be an important aspect to consider, for example, in situations where some wear in a contact is acceptable, but wear debris leaving the contact and contaminating the rest of the system or the product it produces is unacceptable. Component Failure Case Study: Automotive Engine Inlet Valve and Seat...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 18
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v18.a0006383
EISBN: 978-1-62708-192-4
... to automatically initiate protective actions. Thus, it is not necessary to draw fluid samples from the machine, send them to the lab, and use trained operators to evaluate them. The principle of operation is usually based on real-time cyclic separation of wear debris from a fluid system onto a surface-effect...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05b.a0006030
EISBN: 978-1-62708-172-6
... to formaldehyde can irritate the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. While formaldehyde can have narcotic effects on the central nervous system, concentrations necessary to induce narcosis are so high that severe irritation provides a warning of exposure. Contact with formaldehyde can sensitize the skin. Once...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003565
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... 30. Nowotny H. , Rice S.L. , and Wayne S.F. , Characteristics of Wear Debris in Impact Sliding , Wear , Vol 68 , 1981 , p 159 – 167 31. Zanoria E.S. and Blau P.J. , Effect of Incidence Angle on the Impact-Wear Behaviour of Silicon Nitride , J. Am. Ceram...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001465
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
...-based assets has proven to be more effective than to return them to earth. On-orbit welding is a logical technology to assist in the repair of systems such as a space station. In other cases, such as a manned mission to Mars or the vicinity of the moon, it is impractical or impossible to return damaged...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003225
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
..., electrical current, metal coupling, aggressive agents Check bulk composition and contaminants For gouging and abrasive wear: check source of abrasives Evaluate effectiveness of lubricant Seals and filters could have failed Fretting induced by slight looseness in clamped joints subject...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003631
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... under thermal excursions without binding (this is also true for any tube heat-exchanger system). Tube impact fretting caused by flow-induced tube vibrations can reduce wall thickness, requiring eventual replacement. Extensive experimentation has revealed that the interaction of tube support clearance...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003466
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... damage and an interlaminar fracture due to mode I tension loading for this particular material system. In addition to the visual differences noted above, the microscopic features in the impact damaged region ( Fig. 10 ) include hackles, matrix debris, and significant fiber fibrillation and damage...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002372
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
.... Effective lubrication will reduce friction stresses and wear particle accumulation. Fretting Modes and Contact Conditions The oscillatory motion responsible for fretting can be induced by system vibrations or by cyclic loading of one of the components. The relative displacement can be either...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 8
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v08.a0003316
EISBN: 978-1-62708-176-4
... through their influence on the primary variables. Effective lubrication will reduce friction stresses and wear-particle accumulation. Fretting Modes and Contact Conditions The oscillatory motion responsible for fretting can be induced by system vibrations or by cyclic loading of one...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006782
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... size and location, is often difficult to detect. These factors combine to make localized corrosion mechanisms insidious. If undetected, they can lead to catastrophic system failures. Certain environments induce specific corrosion failure modes. Hydrogen damage, liquid- and solid-metal-induced...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006789
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... due to the dissipation of frictional energy at the contacting asperities can induce the direct oxidation of the asperities, if the tribological system is operated in an oxygen-containing environment. As a consequence, a surface oxide scale may form, and it can leave the tribological system after...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05a.a0005725
EISBN: 978-1-62708-171-9
... varies between processes more as a function of gas stream velocity. Fig. 13 The spray pattern, illustrating particle deposition and the effect of size and debris on thickness and porosity in cross section Coating Buildup As the spray stream is manipulated over the part, overlapping...