1-20 of 831

Search Results for crack morphology

Save search
Follow your search
Access your saved searches in your account
Would you like to receive an alert when new items match your search?
Close Modal
Sort by
Image

Crystallographic crack morphology from a CT specimen of CMSX-2 tested at ro...

Available to Purchase
in Fatigue and Fracture of Nickel-Base Superalloys > Fatigue and Fracture
Published: 01 January 1996
Fig. 8 Crystallographic crack morphology from a CT specimen of CMSX-2 tested at room temperature with a secondary orientation of [110]. Source: Ref 103 More
Image

Crack morphology for Ti-6Al-4V (solution treated and aged). (a) Typical spe...

Available to Purchase
in Solid Metal Induced Embrittlement > Corrosion: Fundamentals, Testing, and Protection
Published: 01 January 2003
Fig. 2 Crack morphology for Ti-6Al-4V (solution treated and aged). (a) Typical specimen with multiple cracks in the indented area. (b) Fracture surface of (a) showing the depth of cadmium-induced cracking. (c) Cross section showing mixed intergranular cracking and α cleavage in cadmium-induced More
Image
Fatigue cracking morphology in ductile iron fatigue fracture, 1400×. Courtesy of Element Materials Technology-Wixom

Fatigue cracking morphology in ductile iron fatigue fracture, 1400×. Courte...

Available to Purchase
in Fractography of Cast Irons > Fractography
Published: 01 June 2024
Fig. 16 Fatigue cracking morphology in ductile iron fatigue fracture, 1400×. Courtesy of Element Materials Technology-Wixom More
Image

Stereo view of precipitate avoidance morphology on crack surface. Gamma-pri...

Available to Purchase
in Fatigue and Fracture of Nickel-Base Superalloys > Fatigue and Fracture
Published: 01 January 1996
Fig. 10 Stereo view of precipitate avoidance morphology on crack surface. Gamma-prime precipitates are clearly visible. Source: Ref 103 More
Image
Fractography and crack-path morphology for the longitudinal-transverse (crack-divider) orientation, typical of alloys that show a fracture-mode transition between ambient and liquid nitrogen temperatures (2091-T8X, 8090-T351, 8091-T351), showing (a–c) ductile microvoid coalescence at 298 K and (d–f) transgranular shear fracture at 77 K. Note the presence of intergranular (short-transverse) delaminations at 77 K. Fracture surfaces are for 2091-T8X. Arrow in (a) indicates general direction of crack growth. Source: Ref 38

Fractography and crack-path morphology for the longitudinal-transverse (cra...

Available to Purchase
in Cryogenic Toughness and Fractography of Aluminum Alloys > Fractography
Published: 01 June 2024
Fig. 39 Fractography and crack-path morphology for the longitudinal-transverse (crack-divider) orientation, typical of alloys that show a fracture-mode transition between ambient and liquid nitrogen temperatures (2091-T8X, 8090-T351, 8091-T351), showing (a–c) ductile microvoid coalescence More
Image
Fractography and crack-path morphology for the longitudinal-transverse (crack-divider) orientation, typical of alloys that show no fracture-mode transition between ambient and liquid nitrogen temperatures (2090-T8E41, 2091-T351, 8090-T8X, 8091-T8X), showing transgranular shear fracture at (a–c) 298 K and (d–f) 77 K. Note how the degree of intergranular (short-transverse) delamination is enhanced significantly at liquid nitrogen temperatures. Fracture surfaces are for 2090-T8E41. Arrow in (a) indicates general direction of crack growth. Source: Ref 38

Fractography and crack-path morphology for the longitudinal-transverse (cra...

Available to Purchase
in Cryogenic Toughness and Fractography of Aluminum Alloys > Fractography
Published: 01 June 2024
Fig. 40 Fractography and crack-path morphology for the longitudinal-transverse (crack-divider) orientation, typical of alloys that show no fracture-mode transition between ambient and liquid nitrogen temperatures (2090-T8E41, 2091-T351, 8090-T8X, 8091-T8X), showing transgranular shear fracture More
Image
(a) Fractography and (b) crack-path morphology for the short-longitudinal (crack-delamination) orientation, typical of all alloys at both 77 and 298 K, showing intergranular delamination-type failure. Fracture surfaces are for 2090-T8E41 and show evidence of 1 to 2 μm-sized iron- and copper-rich intermetallic particles. Arrow in (a) indicates general direction of crack growth. (c) Delamination toughening in the crack-arrester configuration due to crack deflection at the initiation of crack growth along weak short-transverse planes in aluminum-lithium alloy 2090-T8E41. Macrograph obtained for the short-transverse orientation with a measured toughness value of 65 MPa · mm1/2. (d) SEM micrograph of alloy 2090-T8E41 of the boundary (marked by vertical arrows) between the fatigue precrack region and unstable crack growth due to overload fracture (during KIc testing) for the crack-divider (longitudinal-transverse) orientation. Note the incidence of short-transverse delaminations (marked by inclined arrows) immediately after the boundary, at crack initiation. Horizontal arrow represents the general direction of crack growth. (e, f) SEM micrographs of the fracture surfaces of unnotched round tensile specimens of 2090-T8E41 (longitudinal orientation) tested at (e) 298 K and (f) 77 K, showing the presence of extensive short-transverse delamination at liquid nitrogen temperatures. Source: Ref 38

(a) Fractography and (b) crack-path morphology for the short-longitudinal (...

Available to Purchase
in Cryogenic Toughness and Fractography of Aluminum Alloys > Fractography
Published: 01 June 2024
Fig. 41 (a) Fractography and (b) crack-path morphology for the short-longitudinal (crack-delamination) orientation, typical of all alloys at both 77 and 298 K, showing intergranular delamination-type failure. Fracture surfaces are for 2090-T8E41 and show evidence of 1 to 2 μm-sized iron More
Image
Cleavage fracture morphology in the crack-initiation region of the pipeline girth weld in Fig. 16. Original magnification: 100×. Courtesy of Exponent, Inc.

Cleavage fracture morphology in the crack-initiation region of the pipeline...

Available to Purchase
in Fractography of Weldments > Fractography
Published: 01 June 2024
Fig. 17 Cleavage fracture morphology in the crack-initiation region of the pipeline girth weld in Fig. 16 . Original magnification: 100×. Courtesy of Exponent, Inc. More
Image
Metallographically prepared section across a crack in an ASTM A53 carbon steel elbow that failed by caustic stress-corrosion cracking. (a) Lower-magnification image of crack. As-polished. Original magnification: 50×. (b) Crack morphology. As-polished. Original magnification: 500×. (c) Crack morphology at crack tip. 2% nital etch. Original magnification: 500×

Metallographically prepared section across a crack in an ASTM A53 carbon st...

Available to Purchase
in Fractography of Carbon and Alloy Steels > Fractography
Published: 01 June 2024
Fig. 22 Metallographically prepared section across a crack in an ASTM A53 carbon steel elbow that failed by caustic stress-corrosion cracking. (a) Lower-magnification image of crack. As-polished. Original magnification: 50×. (b) Crack morphology. As-polished. Original magnification: 500×. (c More
Image
Metallographically prepared section across a crack in a carbon steel elbow drain line pipe that failed by amine stress-corrosion cracking. (a) Profile of the fracture and adjacent cracks. As-polished. Original magnification: 5×. (b) Crack morphology at the inner surface. As-polished. Original magnification: 500×. (c) Crack morphology at the inner surface. 2% nital etch. Original magnification: 500×

Metallographically prepared section across a crack in a carbon steel elbow ...

Available to Purchase
in Fractography of Carbon and Alloy Steels > Fractography
Published: 01 June 2024
Fig. 24 Metallographically prepared section across a crack in a carbon steel elbow drain line pipe that failed by amine stress-corrosion cracking. (a) Profile of the fracture and adjacent cracks. As-polished. Original magnification: 5×. (b) Crack morphology at the inner surface. As-polished More
Image

Morphology of propagating cracks. (a) Transgranular cracks. (b) Intergranul...

Available to Purchase
in Failure Analysis of Heat Exchangers > Analysis and Prevention of Component and Equipment Failures
Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 38 Morphology of propagating cracks. (a) Transgranular cracks. (b) Intergranular cracks. (c) Overall appearance of propagating cracks. Source: Ref 15 More
Image

Typical micrographs of cracks in feedwater heater steels. (a) Cracks identi...

Available to Purchase
in Failures of Pressure Vessels and Process Piping > Analysis and Prevention of Component and Equipment Failures
Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 80 Typical micrographs of cracks in feedwater heater steels. (a) Cracks identified as corrosion fatigue mixed with stress-corrosion cracking. Original magnification: 50×. (b) Corrosion-fatigue crack morphology alternating with corrosion pits and transgranular cracking. Original More
Image

Typical micrographs of cracks in feedwater heater steels. (a) Cracks identi...

Available to Purchase
in Failures of Pressure Vessels[1] > Failure Analysis and Prevention
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 20 Typical micrographs of cracks in feedwater heater steels. (a) Cracks identified as corrosion fatigue mixed with SCC. 50×. (b) Corrosion-fatigue crack morphology alternating with corrosion pits and transgranular cracking. 100× More
Image

Schematic crack surface morphologies for (a) plane stress and (b) plane str...

Available to Purchase
in An Introduction to Fracture Mechanics > Fatigue and Fracture
Published: 01 January 1996
Fig. 8 Schematic crack surface morphologies for (a) plane stress and (b) plane strain. The crack direction is normal to the plane of the paper. More
Image

Morphology of cracks leading to rolling-contact fatigue failure of PVD (TiN...

Available to Purchase
in Rolling Contact Fatigue > Failure Analysis and Prevention
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 9 Morphology of cracks leading to rolling-contact fatigue failure of PVD (TiN) coatings. (a) Crack parallel to the interface leading to spalled area for hard substrate (60 HRC) TiN coating. (b) Cracks parallel to the coating-substrate interface for hard substrate (60 HRC) TiN coating. (c More
Image

Schematic crack-surface morphologies for (a) plane stress and (b) plane str...

Available to Purchase
in Engineering Aspects of Failure and Failure Analysis > Metals Handbook Desk Edition
Published: 01 December 1998
Fig. 7 Schematic crack-surface morphologies for (a) plane stress and (b) plane strain. The crack direction is normal to the plane of the paper. More
Image

Microcracked carbon fiber composite material illustrating the crack morphol...

Available to Purchase
in Microcrack Analysis of Composite Materials[1] > Metallography and Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 4 Microcracked carbon fiber composite material illustrating the crack morphology in a fiber tow that is in the same plane as the polished surface. Bright-field illumination, 10× objective More
Book Chapter

Fractography of Carbon and Alloy Steels

Available to Purchase

By Ryan Haase, Larry Hanke
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0007036
EISBN: 978-1-62708-387-4
... fractures have a faceted, transgranular morphology ( Fig. 8 ). The facets have a fan-shaped pattern of shallow ridges, or river lines, that indicate the direction of crack propagation for that facet ( Fig. 9 ). The cleavage facets form on specific crystallographic plane(s) within each grain when restraint...
Abstract
In this article, a basic summary of fracture mechanisms in carbon and alloy steels is presented, along with numerous examples of these fractures. These examples include ductile fracture, brittle cleavage fracture, intergranular fracture, fatigue fracture, and environmentally assisted failure mechanisms.
View PDF for content titled, Fractography of Carbon and Alloy Steels
Book Chapter

Selection of Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steels

Available to Purchase

By John A. Brooks, John C. Lippold
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001410
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
... behavior and microstructural evolution that dictate weld-metal ferrite content and morphology. The article describes weld defect formation, namely, solidification cracking, heat-affected zone liquation cracking, weld-metal liquation cracking, copper contamination cracking, ductility dip cracking, and weld...
Abstract
Austenitic stainless steels exhibit a single-phase, face-centered cubic structure that is maintained over a wide range of temperatures. This article reviews the compositions of standard and nonstandard austenitic stainless steels. It summarizes the important aspects of solidification behavior and microstructural evolution that dictate weld-metal ferrite content and morphology. The article describes weld defect formation, namely, solidification cracking, heat-affected zone liquation cracking, weld-metal liquation cracking, copper contamination cracking, ductility dip cracking, and weld porosity. It discusses four general types of corrosive attack: intergranular attack, stress-corrosion cracking, pitting and crevice corrosion, and microbiologically influenced corrosion. The article concludes with information on weld thermal treatments such as preheat and interpass heat treatments and postweld heat treatment.
View PDF for content titled, Selection of Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steels
Book Chapter

AISI/SAE Alloy Steels: Atlas of Fractographs

Available to Purchase

Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1987
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0000608
EISBN: 978-1-62708-181-8
... Abstract This article is an atlas of fractographs that helps in understanding the causes and mechanisms of fracture of AISI/SAE alloy steels (4xxx steels) and in identifying and interpreting the morphology of fracture surfaces. The fractographs illustrate the brittle fracture, ductile fracture...
Abstract
This article is an atlas of fractographs that helps in understanding the causes and mechanisms of fracture of AISI/SAE alloy steels (4xxx steels) and in identifying and interpreting the morphology of fracture surfaces. The fractographs illustrate the brittle fracture, ductile fracture, impact fracture, fatigue fracture surface, reversed torsional fatigue fracture, transgranular cleavage fracture, rotating bending fatigue, tension-overload fracture, torsion-overload fracture, slip band crack, crack growth and crack initiation, crack nucleation, microstructure, hydrogen embrittlement, sulfide stress-corrosion failure, stress-corrosion cracking, and hitch post shaft failure of these steels. The components considered in the article include tail-rotor drive-pinion shafts, pinion gears, outboard-motor crankshafts, bull gears, diesel engine bearing cap bolts, splined shafts, aircraft horizontal tail-actuator shafts, bucket elevators, aircraft propellers, helicopter bolts, air flasks, tie rod ball studs, and spiral gears.
View PDF for content titled, AISI/SAE Alloy Steels: Atlas of Fractographs