Search Results for corrosion-resistant cast iron

Alloy cast irons are casting alloys based on the Fe-C-Si system that contain one or more alloying elements added to enhance one or more useful properties. This article discusses the composition of different types of alloy cast iron, including white cast irons, corrosion-resistant cast irons, heat-resistant cast irons, and abrasion-resistant cast irons. It provides information on the effect of the alloying element on their high-temperature properties. The article also discusses the microstructure and mechanical properties of alloy cast irons.

Alloy cast irons are considered to be those casting alloys based on the iron-carbon-silicon system that contain one or more alloying elements intentionally added to enhance one or more useful properties. Alloy cast irons can be classified as white cast irons, corrosion-resistant cast irons, and heat-resistant cast irons. This article discusses abrasion-resistant chilled and white irons, high-alloy corrosion-resistant irons, and medium-alloy and high-alloy heat-resistant gray and ductile irons. The article outlines in a list the approximate ranges of alloy content for various types of alloy cast irons. The article explains the effects of alloying elements and the effects of inoculants. In most cast irons, it is the interaction among alloying elements that has the greatest effect on properties. Inoculants other than appropriate graphitizing or nodularizing agents are used rarely, if ever, in high-alloy corrosion-resistant or heat-resistant irons.

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) may contain traces of impurities that will change the aggressiveness of the solution. This article discusses the effects of impurities such as fluorides, ferric salts, cupric salts, chlorine, and organic solvents, in HCl. It describes the corrosion resistance of various metals and alloys in HCl, including carbon and alloy steels, austenitic stainless steels, standard ferritic stainless steels, nickel and nickel alloys, copper and copper alloys, corrosion-resistant cast iron, zirconium, titanium and titanium alloys, tantalum and its alloys, and noble metals. The article illustrates the effect of HCl on nonmetallic materials such as natural rubber, neoprene, thermoplastics, and reinforced thermoset plastics. It also tabulates the corrosion of various metals in dry hydrogen chloride.

Cast irons provide excellent resistance to a wide range of corrosion environments when properly matched with that service environment. This article presents basic parameters to be considered before selecting cast irons for corrosion services. Alloying elements can play a dominant role in the susceptibility of cast irons to corrosion attack. The article discusses the various alloying elements, such as silicon, nickel, chromium, copper, and molybdenum, that enhance the corrosion resistance of cast irons. Cast irons exhibit the same general forms of corrosion as other metals and alloys. The article reviews the various forms of corrosions, such as graphitic corrosion, fretting corrosion, pitting and crevice corrosion, intergranular attack, erosion-corrosion, microbiologically induced corrosion, and stress-corrosion cracking. It discusses the four general categories of coatings used on cast irons to enhance corrosion resistance: metallic, organic, conversion, and enamel coatings.

This article discusses the five basic matrix structures in cast irons: ferrite, pearlite, bainite, martensite, and austenite. The alloying elements, used to enhance the corrosion resistance of cast irons, including silicon, nickel, chromium, copper, molybdenum, vanadium, and titanium, are reviewed. The article provides information on classes of the cast irons based on corrosion resistance. It describes the various forms of corrosion in cast irons, including graphitic corrosion, fretting corrosion, pitting and crevice corrosion, intergranular attack, erosion-corrosion, microbiologically induced corrosion, and stress-corrosion cracking. The cast irons suitable for the common corrosive environments are also discussed. The article reviews the coatings used on cast irons to enhance corrosion resistance, such as metallic, organic, conversion, and enamel coatings. It explains the basic parameters to be considered before selecting the cast irons for corrosion services.

Weldability refers to the ease of welding a material under the imposed fabrication conditions to perform satisfactorily during service. This article is a comprehensive collection of tables that summarize the general weldability of cast irons, steels, nonferrous metals, and their alloys by common fusion welding processes.

High-alloy graphitic cast irons are used primarily in applications requiring corrosion resistance or strength and oxidation resistance in high-temperature service. This article describes the properties, applications and heat treatment processes of high-alloy graphitic cast irons, including austenitic gray irons and austenitic ductile irons. It also provides a discussion on the heat treatment of high-silicon irons for heat resisting and corrosion resisting applications.

Gray irons are commonly classified by their minimum tensile strength. This article describes properties used in the selection of gray irons and the factors that affect properties, particularly the effect of solidification. It discusses the three steps that its processing undergoes in the foundry: liquid metal preparation, solidification, and solid-state transformation. The article discusses the tensile properties of gray cast iron: tensile strength, yield strength, ductility, and modulus of elasticity. It describes hardness tests that are performed for determining the approximate strength characteristics and machinability of a gray iron casting. The article also presents typical mechanical properties of heat-resistant gray irons in a table. It concludes with information on the automotive application of alloy cast irons.

This article, primarily focusing on atmospheric corrosion of carbon and low-alloy steels, describes the factors that must be considered by alloy casting users in material selection. It presents compositions of cast steels tested in atmospheric corrosion in a tabular form. The article graphically presents the results of a research program that compared the corrosion resistance of nine cast steels in marine and industrial atmospheres. It provides a comparison of corrosion rates of cast steels, malleable cast iron, and wrought steel after three years of exposure in two atmospheres. Conclusions drawn from these tests are also presented.

The high-alloy irons can be categorized into two main groups: the high-alloy graphitic irons (covering both gray and ductile grades) and the high-alloy white irons. High-alloy irons are used in applications with demanding requirements, such as high resistance to wear, heat, and corrosion, or for combined properties. This article discusses the specification and selection of high-alloy irons. The common alloying elements and their effect on the stable and metastable eutectic temperatures are listed in a table. The article provides information on the compositions, properties and applications of high-alloy graphitic irons and high-alloy white irons.

This article discusses the melting and pouring practices, heat treatment, and applications of different types of high-alloy graphitic iron, namely, high-silicon gray irons, high-silicon ductile irons, nickel-alloyed austenitic irons, austenitic gray irons, austenitic ductile irons, and aluminum-alloyed irons.

This article describes the selection of materials for the production and handling equipment of concentrated sulfuric acid, depending on factors such as the allowable corrosion rate, desired mechanical and physical properties, fabrication requirements, availability, and cost. Materials such as carbon steel, cast irons, austenitic stainless steels, higher austenitic stainless steels, higher chromium Fe-Ni-Mo alloys, nickel-base alloys, non-metals, and specific other metals and alloys are also discussed.

Coating of cast irons is done to improve appearance and resistance to degradation due to corrosion, erosion, and wear. This article describes inorganic coating methods commonly applied to cast irons. The coating methods include plating, hot dip coating, conversion coating, diffusion coating, cladding, porcelain enameling, and thermal spray. Organic coatings have a wide variety of properties, but their primary use is for corrosion resistance combined with a pleasing colored appearance. The article discusses the various types of organic coatings applied to cast irons. Practically any degree of smoothness or roughness and requirement for color and gloss can be filled by organic coatings. The article describes abrasive blast cleaning, abrasive waterjet cleaning and finishing, vibratory finishing, barrel finishing, and shot peening for processing iron castings.

This article provides a brief review of the classification and characteristics of cast irons. It describes the processes used to clean iron castings, including mechanical cleaning and finishing and nonmechanical cleaning. The article discusses surface treatments used to extend casting life when resistance to corrosion, wear, and erosion is required. The common methods include electroplating, electroless plating, hardfacing, weld cladding, surface hardening, porcelain enameling, and organic coatings.

This article reviews the graphite morphology, chemical composition requirements, castability, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of compacted graphite (CG) irons. It describes the factors affecting the mechanical properties of CG irons. The article also presents the advantages of CG irons.

This article reviews the properties of cast steels that are specified for liquid corrosion service at temperatures above and below 650 deg C. Stainless steel castings are usually classified based on their resistance to corrosion and heat and generally fall into one category or the other. The article describes alternate methods for classifying cast stainless steels, one is based on grade designations, the other on microstructural analysis. It also addresses heat treatment, pointing out its similarities with the thermal processing of wrought materials, and establishes the importance of mechanical properties in material selection. The article presents information on the selection process and provides a detailed list of heat-resistant cast steels and alloys. It also includes key manufacturing characteristics to aid in foundry and welding-related decisions.

Cast stainless steels are widely used for their corrosion resistance in aqueous media at or near room temperature and for service in hot gases and liquids at elevated temperatures. This article provides a comparison between cast and wrought stainless steels in terms of composition, microstructure and properties. It discusses the grade designations and compositions of cast stainless steels. The article describes the mechanical properties, applications, and corrosion characteristics of corrosion-resistant steel castings and heat-resistant steel castings.

Alloy 362.0, low-iron premium die-casting alloy, is made from recycled secondary metal scrap and was developed to have equivalent or better mechanical properties than Silafont-36 and/or Aural-2. This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and applications of this alloy.

This article discusses factors that influence the effect of alloying, metallurgical treatments, and mechanical treatments on the corrosion resistance of metallic materials, with schematic illustrations.