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Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003555
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... sensitization stress-corrosion cracking sulfidation thermal barrier coatings WHEN FAILURES OCCUR, the unscheduled outages result in loss of reliability and increased economic costs. A failure investigation can determine the primary cause of material, component, or system degradation. Based...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003549
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... Abstract This article provides an overview of the electrochemical nature of corrosion and analyzes corrosion-related failures. It describes corrosion failure analysis and discusses corrective and preventive approaches to mitigate corrosion-related failures of metals. These include: change...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006782
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... the electrochemical nature of corrosion and provides the typical analysis of environmental- and corrosion-related failures. It presents common methods of testing of laboratory corrosion and discusses the processes involved in the prevention of environmental- and corrosion-related failures of metals and nonmetals...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006787
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... to operate at 760 °C (1400 °F) for economically sustained time periods. Material-related failures in steam generators occur due to internal oxidation and corrosion, fireside corrosion, oxidation and erosion, inadequate welding procedures and fabrication techniques, and inadequate material properties (long...
Book Chapter

By Michael Cooney, Richard Hoffman
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006783
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
.... These reviews of corrosion forms and mechanisms are intended to assist the reader in developing an understanding of the underlying principles of corrosion; acquiring such an understanding is the first step in recognizing and analyzing corrosion-related failures and in formulating preventive measures...
Book Chapter

By Stan Silvus
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004173
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... Abstract This article focuses on the various types of corrosion-related failure mechanisms and their effects on passive electrical components. The types include halide-induced corrosion, organic-acid-induced corrosion, electrochemical metal migration, silver tarnish, fretting, and metal...
Image
Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 14 Root cause failure analysis logic chart called a Why Tree. This failure examines a corrosion-related failure. More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004102
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... in service water systems are not unique but may be exacerbated by design features and operating modes. The cost of corrosion-related failures in power plants is significant. Replacement or repair costs can be substantial because of the inaccessibility of piping, much of which may be underground. In addition...
Book Chapter

By Aaron Tanzer
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003521
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... such as fracture toughness or corrosion resistance may never have been specified in a purchase agreement between vendor and buyer. While subsequent failure may have occurred because these properties were deficient in relation to the applied installation and/or service environments, the material was nevertheless...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004138
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... weight and pleasing appearance. However, improper anodization can cause corrosion-related failures in a range of equipment. Separate incidences of incorrect aluminum anodization have been identified during failure analyses, including the discoloration of knitting needles by handling in one case...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004175
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... material, curing agent, hydrophobic nature of filler particles, and their volume fraction, size distribution, and so forth. An important aspect in corrosion related failure is the level of extractable ionic contaminants such as chloride, bromide, and so on. Typically they are in the 5 to 20 parts per...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006821
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... , Volume 11 of the ASM Handbook , 2021. As is the case in many other industries, corrosive environments are of great concern in aviation; numerous instances of corrosion-related aircraft failures and losses have been documented. There are many different forms of corrosion, and it is important...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 23
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v23.a0005654
EISBN: 978-1-62708-198-6
... Abstract This article describes mechanical/electrochemical phenomena related to in vivo degradation of metals used for biomedical applications. It discusses the properties and failure of these materials as they relate to stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) and corrosion fatigue (CF). The article...
Image
Published: 01 January 2005
. This is an age-related failure, because the railing was old and had deteriorated beyond its service life due to atmospheric corrosion in a marine environment. The preseason maintenance was more focused on aesthetics than safety; many of the joints had failed through accelerated crevice corrosion, but the onus More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006753
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
..., and material, which are discussed in the following sections along with examples. The tools available for failure analysis are then covered. Further, the article describes the categories of mode of failure: distortion or undesired deformation, fracture, corrosion, and wear. It provides information...
Book Chapter

By Stephen D. Cramer
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003708
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
.... The techniques are divided into those that provide insight into surface topography and surface structure, and those that provide understanding of chemical nature and identity. The article presents a list of web sites and print media addressing corrosion and related topics in five different areas: societies...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003548
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... Corrosion-Related Failures.” The rate, extent, and type of corrosive attack that can be tolerated in an object vary widely, depending on the specific application and initial design. Whether the observed corrosion behavior was normal for the metal used in the given service conditions helps determine...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003500
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... of problems cannot be developed without identification of the root cause. Failure Definitions In the general sense of the word, a failure is defined as an undesirable event or condition. For the purposes of discussion related to failure analysis and prevention, it is a general term used to imply...
Image
Published: 01 January 2000
Fig. 13 General types of tests related to stress-corrosion cracking (SCC), hydrogen embrittlement, and corrosion fatigue. (a) Smooth specimen SCC testing for determination of a stress threshold, σ th . (b) Slow-strain-rate (SSR) testing for strain-rate controlled evaluation of σ th and time More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006830
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... of chains, hooks, shafts, and cranes and related members. abrasive wear bridges chains corrosions cranes failure analysis hooks lifting equipment shafts shock loading stress-corrosion cracking wire ropes LIFTING EQUIPMENT is used for raising, lowering, and transporting materials, parts...