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Book Chapter

By J.E. Morral, M.A. Dayananda
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003741
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... Abstract Interdiffusion microstructures appear as a region on either side of the original interface of contact between two materials. This article outlines the principles used in analyzing various interdiffusion microstructures: binary systems, copper-base systems, nickel-base systems...
Book Chapter

By Anthony Griffo, Andrew Bell
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006099
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
.... The infiltrated phase is typically a copper-base system alloyed with nickel, manganese, and zinc. This enables fabricating bits at a temperature lower than 1200 °C (2190 °F), which is a critical degradation temperature for diamond components (noncobalt bearing). The tungsten and tungsten carbide powders...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003167
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... and copper alloys ( Fig. 2 ). Fig. 2 Strength retention at elevated temperatures for aluminum-base bearing alloys Bearing Material Systems Because of the widely varying conditions under which bearings must operate, commercial bearing materials have evolved as specialized engineering...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 18
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v18.a0006412
EISBN: 978-1-62708-192-4
..., bimetal systems, and trimetal systems. The article describes the designations, nominal compositions, mechanical properties, and applications of various sliding bearing alloys: tin-base alloys, lead-base alloys, copper-base alloys, aluminum-base alloys, silver-base alloys, zinc-base alloys, additional...
Book Chapter

By Charles E. Fuerstenau
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001385
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
..., and various heat-resistant materials. Most combinations of these materials can also be torch brazed. It is necessary to use flux with these materials, except when a phosphorus brazing alloy is used to braze pure copper parts. In this case, the phosphorus acts as the flux. The low-temperature silver-base...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001458
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
... to be brazed Fixturing methods needed to ensure proper joint contact at the brazing temperature during the brazing cycle Many engine oil coolers are currently made from stainless steel and use copper as the brazing filler metal. This base metal and filler metal combination is also available as a clad...
Book Chapter

By Robert Baboian
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13b.a0003834
EISBN: 978-1-62708-183-2
... that cannot be obtained in a single material. The early use of clad metals in the jewelry industry combined the aesthetics of precious metals with the low-cost strength of base metals. These materials systems are currently being used for electrical and electronics applications, such as contacts and connectors...
Book Chapter

By Derek E. Tyler, Richard P. Vierod
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005288
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
..., patented their Unicast system for continuous casting brass and bronze rods ( Ref 11 ). 1957 The Swiss company Alfred Wertli introduced the first industrial horizontal continuous caster for the production of cast iron rods and later expanded into continuous casting plants for a full range of copper-base...
Book Chapter

By Bo Hu
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006100
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... material. In contrast to copper, which forms a soft matrix in copper-base sintered friction materials, iron forms a harder matrix consisting of a mixture of ferrite and pearlite in iron-base sintered friction materials. Therefore, copper and iron provide different characteristics of friction materials...
Book Chapter

By Harold D. Brody
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005215
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
...-copper and aluminum-silicon; binary peritectic systems: copper-zinc; multicomponent eutectic systems: Al-Si-Cu-Mg; and for systems with both eutectic and peritectic reactions: Fe-C-Cr and nickel-base superalloy. microsegregation nickel-base superalloy solute redistribution equilibrium...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003160
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... and properties (mechanical and physical) of commercial SMA alloys, namely nickel-titanium alloys and copper-base alloys. applications of shape memory alloys copper base alloys general characteristics mechanical properties nickel-titanium alloys physical properties processing of shape memory alloys...
Book Chapter

By Manish Dighe
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13b.a0003831
EISBN: 978-1-62708-183-2
... metal class must be considered in conjunction with the various base materials commonly brazed with it. For specific applications, surveillance testing in actual or simulated systems should be performed in order to model actual service conditions. Corrosion of Soldered Joints Soldering is a widely...
Book Chapter

By Charles E. Fuerstenau
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001394
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
... are not excessive. Torch soldering is used in numerous industries that utilize a variety of base metals. It is most often used to produce a leak-tight assembly with some degree of mechanical strength. This process does have several advantages when compared with other metal-joining methods. These Advantages...
Book Chapter

By L.M. Weisenberger, B.J. Durkin
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001242
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... wastewater treatment COPPER PLATING DEPOSITS are used for both functional and decorative applications. They are used widely as underplates in multiplate systems, as barrier coatings, as stopoffs in heat treatment, and for heat transfer (e.g., as heat sinks). They also find use in electroforming...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 27 April 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v03.a0006227
EISBN: 978-1-62708-163-4
... Abstract Monotectic alloys can be classified based on the difference between the critical temperature and the monotectic temperature. This article begins with a schematic illustration of monotectic reaction in copper-lead system. It discusses the solidification structures of monotectics...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003778
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... of the microstructures of tin-copper, tin-lead, tin-lead-cadmium, tin-antimony, tin-antimony-copper, tin-antimony-copper-lead, tin-silver, tin-indium, tin-zinc, and tin-zinc-copper systems. electron microscopy etchants etching grinding metallography microstructure mounting polishing sectioning specimen...
Book Chapter

Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005303
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... factors that influence the selection of a casting method. It discusses the production of copper alloy castings. The article concludes with information on the gating and feeding systems used in production of copper alloy castings. casting copper alloys crucible furnaces degassing deoxidation gas...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 23
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v23.a0005670
EISBN: 978-1-62708-198-6
..., it is commonly used as an alloying element in both gold- and palladium-base dental alloy systems. Silver is also a major component of dental amalgam alloys. In 1987, 1.12% of the U.S. silver demand was used for dental and medical supply purposes ( Ref 2 ). Overall, the demand for silver for medical...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005784
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... part is electroplated with copper. Copper is then removed by machining areas that are to be case hardened by leaving only the areas requiring stop-off plated. After heat treatment, the copper is typically removed by stripping in cyanide or acid-based solutions. Copper plating is used in many heat...
Book Chapter

By Darel E. Hodgson, Ming H. Wu, Robert J. Biermann
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001100
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
... were investigated. Table 1 lists a number of these systems ( Ref 5 ) with some details of each system. Of all these systems, the Ni-Ti alloys and a few of the copper-base alloys have received the most development effort and commercial exploitation. These will be the focus of the balance...