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Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 16 Conventional molding of a circular sand casting is shown in (a). A specification requiring the large face to be smooth necessitated placing this face in the drag half of the mold, as shown in (b), to obtain maximum smoothness of surface. More
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005254
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... to conventional sand casting processes. Recognize that in conventional sand casting, molten aluminum shrinks approximately 6% on solidification and still leaves approximately 1% porosity in sand castings. Thus, in lost foam with pressure where the porosity is basically insignificant (i.e., less than 0.1...
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005252
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... in shell molds but not in production quantities. As compared to conventional green sand molding, the shell-mold process can produce castings with greater dimensional accuracy and thus reduce the amount of machining required for completion of the part. Shell molds impart a smoother surface to castings...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006533
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
... Abstract Sand casting processes are typically classified according to the type of binder present in the molding sand mixture. This article discusses common sand casting processes and design considerations related to shape, gating, feeding, and pattern making methods. It describes...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006508
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
... by over an order of magnitude compared to conventional sand casting processes. Recognize that in conventional sand casting, molten aluminum shrinks approximately 6% on solidification and still leaves approximately 1% porosity in sand castings. Thus, in lost foam with pressure where the porosity...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.9781627082075
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006548
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... Abstract This article aims to comprehensively review and summarize the material properties and engineering data for aluminum alloy castings and their many applications. The discussion focuses on conventional sand, permanent mold, and die castings as well as the premium engineered versions...
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005187
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... Abstract This article discusses the categories and subcategories of shape casting processes. These include single-use processes such as sand, plaster, ceramic, and graphite molding; essentially unpressurized multiuse processes, such as permanent mold; and high-pressure metal mold methods...
Book Chapter

Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005256
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... Abstract The Replicast process is developed to overcome the formation of lustrous carbon defects and carbon pickup observed in conventional evaporative pattern casting processes. This article provides a discussion on the pattern production, process capabilities, advantages, and limitations...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006524
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
... presents the advantages and disadvantages of green sand casting, permanent mold casting, semipermanent mold casting, and high-pressure die casting. A discussion on other casting processes, such as investment casting, lost foam, plaster mold casting, pressure casting, centrifugal casting, and semisolid...
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005249
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... or to obtain better replication of fine detail in the casting. Pouring Practice A dried plaster mold made by the conventional process has extremely low permeability—approximately 1 to 2 AFS, compared with 80 and upward for sand molds. The American Foundry Society (AFS) established a standard laboratory...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001061
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
...-copper, aluminum-copper-silicon, aluminum-silicon, aluminum-magnesium, aluminum-zinc-magnesium, and aluminum-tin. The article also describes the main casting processes for aluminum alloys, which include die casting, permanent mold casting, sand casting (green sand and dry sand), plaster casting...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003172
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
.... The very fine sand produces an excellent surface finish on the casting. Use of sand of such fineness would not be possible in a conventional mold because mold permeability would be too low; however, in a thin shell mold, it is not a problem. The sand grains are coated with phenolic novolac resins...
Book Chapter

Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005251
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... molding plants. Since the invention of the V-process in 1971, the process is now licensed worldwide and has been successfully used to cast all metals normally cast in conventional green sand mold mixes. It is considerd suitable for gray, ductile, malleable iron; various grades of steel; or aluminum...
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0009018
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... location discussed with Fig. 4 . Fig. 16 Conventional molding of a circular sand casting is shown in (a). A specification requiring the large face to be smooth necessitated placing this face in the drag half of the mold, as shown in (b), to obtain maximum smoothness of surface. ...
Book Chapter

Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005354
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... also has the potential to offer more uniform castings when compared over the duration of a production run. This has frequently been evidenced by a weight reduction in castings converted from green sand practices to nobake. Depending on the level of control exercised over the green sand, the weight...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006589
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... Abstract Alloys 771.0 and 772.0 are high-strength, shock-resistant, aluminum sand-casting alloys that develop a high combination of physical and mechanical properties in the as-cast and room-temperature-aged conditions. This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006297
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... Abstract Aggregate molding, or sand casting, is the gravity pouring of liquid metal into a mold that is made of a mixture molded against a permanent pattern. This article summarizes the most important materials in the process of sand casting of cast iron, including different types of molding...
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005334
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... pouring magnesium molding sands machining characteristics high-temperature alloys MAGNESIUM ALLOY CASTINGS can be produced by nearly all of the conventional casting methods, namely, sand, permanent, and semipermanent mold and shell, investment, and die casting. The choice of a casting method...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006332
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... formation. Carbon levels of 1.6 to 1.8% are recommended for heavy-section castings. Molding and Casting Design Conventional ferrous molding sands are used, including green sand, shell mold, and chemically bonded sands. The same precautions taken for high-strength irons apply to these alloys...