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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 1 Comminution variables that control particle grinding and efficiency. (a) Low, (b) optimum, and (c) high speed. The balls or rods within the mill are indicated. More
Book Chapter

By Mark E. Schlesinger
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006484
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
... of aluminum scrap in transportation, packaging, electrical and electronic, and building and construction sectors. The article reviews the technologies used to accomplish comminution for aluminum: shearing, knife shredding, and swing-hammer shredding. It provides a description of the devices used in scrap...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0003052
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
... a description of the comminution process (wet and dry milling methods), it discusses batching and mixing operations and granulation methods. The article also deals with the effect of process variables and the steps involved in chemical synthesis, including preparation from solution and gas-phase reactions...
Image
Published: 30 September 2015
Fig. 1 The modified Kroll process per ADMA Products, Inc. involves the use of hydrogen to break down the titanium sponge produced in the present-day titanium reactors. It eliminates the comminution process (boring, shearing, crushing), considerably reduces the vacuum distillation time More
Book Chapter

By Chris Schade
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006089
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... morphology tumbler ball mills vibratory ball mills MILLING OF MATERIALS, whether hard and brittle or soft and ductile, is of prime interest and of economic importance to the powder metallurgy (PM) industry. Mechanical comminution is the most widely used method of powder production for hard metals...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006086
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... on required production rates, powder properties, and the physical and chemical properties of the material. Chemical and electrolytic methods are useful for producing high-purity powders. Mechanical comminution (or milling) is the most widely used method of powder production for hardmetals and oxides...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003567
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
.... Fig. 2 Ball mill liner plates. (a) New condition, before installation. (b) Worn condition, with partially worn grinding belt Fig. 3 Worn cone crusher liner after three months of use Corrosion and wear damage arising from comminution is equivalent to 12% of more than 30 billion kW·h...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 24
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2020
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v24.a0006567
EISBN: 978-1-62708-290-7
.... Suitable methods for powder production depend on required production rates, powder properties, and the physical and chemical properties of the material. Chemical and electrolytic methods are useful for producing high-purity powders. Mechanical comminution (or milling) is the most widely used method...
Book Chapter

By A. James Stonehouse, James M. Marder
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001086
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
... recently been introduced as a powder production technique. Atomization has several potential advantages over mechanical comminution methods. Atomization typically produces a spherical particle, and the use of such a particle is logically the most effective means of eliminating property anisotropy resulting...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003129
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... (optional), which includes mechanical alloying or comminution of melt-spun ribbon into powder for subsequent handling. Mechanical alloying is used for fabricating oxide-dispersion strengthened alloys. Pure metal and alloying ingredients are mechanically alloyed using high-energy ball mills. During...
Book Chapter

By Andrew W. Batchelor
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 18
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v18.a0006415
EISBN: 978-1-62708-192-4
...: (a) new condition before installation, and (b) worn condition with partially worn grinding belt Fig. 7 Worn cone crusher liner after three months of use Corrosion and wear damage arising from comminution is equivalent to 12% of more than 30 billion kW ⋅ h of energy consumed annually...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006052
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... oxidation. The coldstream process ( Ref 12 ) is a step toward higher-purity powder, whereby comminution is accomplished by accelerating crushed scrap parts (<4 mm, or 0.16 in., in size) in a high-pressure gas stream (air) and allowing them to strike a target. The resulting fractured powder...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006811
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
Book Chapter

By B. Mishra
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003169
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... that can be obtained. The extent of comminution to obtain the higher degree of concentration through greater liberation must be justified by the increased cost of grinding. When the particle size is very small, concentration processes do not work as efficiently and tailing losses are high. In addition...
Book Chapter

By Bo Hu
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006090
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... and for desulfurizing hot metal. Powder is produced by a variety of methods of comminution of solid or liquid metal. Magnesium powders produced by chipping and milling are used for military flares, fireworks, and the production of uranium. In addition, these powders are used in the chemical and pharmaceutical...
Book Chapter

By Jeffrey A. Hawk
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 8
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v08.a0003283
EISBN: 978-1-62708-176-4
Book Chapter

By J.R. Pickens
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001064
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
..., ball milling) to modify powder shape and size or to introduce strengthening features, or comminution such as that used to cut melt-spun ribbon into powder flakes for subsequent handling. Aluminum has a high affinity for moisture, and aluminum powders readily adsorb water. The elevated temperatures...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006078
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... comminution process usually carried out by a series of boring, shearing, crushing, and screening steps. The TiH 2 powder is mechanically ground inside the retort to the desired particle size and then extracted and compacted in an inert environment for subsequent sintering and dehydriding. Furthermore...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05a.a0005748
EISBN: 978-1-62708-171-9
... elongated grains formed by unidirectional stresses. growth. sprayed overlay. comminution. Reducing to powder by mechan- clad powder. See preferred term powder clad. cobalt and cobalt alloys. Tough, silver-gray ical means. See also pulverization. classi cation. Separation of a powder into magnetic metal...
Book Chapter

By Iwao Iwasaki
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003629
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... , p 160 – 166 4. Comminution and Energy Consumption , National Academy of Sciences , Washington, D.C. , 1981 , p 27 5. Moore J.J. and Iwasaki I. , The Role of Abrasion and Corrosion in Grinding Media Wear , DOE/ID/12441-T1, Vol 1 , Office of Scientific and Technical...