Search Results for cold working

Fig. 15 Microstructural variations during (a) cold working and (b) hot working. Source: Ref 7 More

Fig. 19 Correlation of increased tensile strength from cold working and the permeability of cold-worked austenitic stainless steels. Annealed hot-rolled strips 2.4 to 3.2 mm (0.095 to 0.125 in.) thick before cold reduction. For normal permeability values, add unity to the numbers given More

Fig. 11 Compressive yield strength at 0.2% plastic offset for a PM HIP cold working and a PM HIP high speed steel at 62 HRC. Circles, cold working steel; squares, HSS More

Fig. 15 Typical heat treating response of an undercarburized PM cold working steel. Triangles, 520−550 °C (970−1020 °F); squares, 560−580 °C (1040−1075 °F); other symbols: as indicated More

Fig. 46 Hafnium crystal bar showing twins caused by cold working. Attack polished, heat tinted at 480 °C (900 °F), and viewed under differential interference contrast illumination. 65×. (P.E. Danielson) More

Fig. 30 Martensite (arrows) produced by cold working austenitic stainless steels. (a) 203 etched with Ralph's reagent. (b) 303 etched with Ralph's reagent. (c) 303 etched with Lucas reagent. (d) 303Se etched with waterless Kalling's reagent. (e) 304 etched with Vilella's reagent. (f) Same More

Fig. 31 Slip produced by cold working. (a) 302-HQ etched with waterless Kalling's reagent. (b) 316L stainless steel etched with glyceregia More

Fig. 5 Comparison of the effect of cold working (by rolling at 25 °C, or 75 °F) and subsequent annealing on the tensile mechanical properties and hardness of tough pitch copper (0.05% oxygen) and oxygen-free high-conductivity (OFHC) copper. Note that the two materials are affected More

Fig. 7 Effect of cold working on electrical conductivity of copper. (a) High-purity copper reduced by rolling, expressed in Brown & Sharpe (B & S) gage numbers. (b) Electrical conductivity of electrolytic tough pitch copper (C11000) as a function of amount of cold reduction by drawing More

Fig. 2 Typical flow curves for metals deformed at cold working temperatures (A and B) and at hot working temperatures (C and D). Source: Ref 3 More

Fig. 20 Typical flow curves for metals deformed at cold working temperatures (A, low strain rate; B, high strain rate) and at hot working temperatures (C, D). Strain hardening persists to large strains for curve A. The flow stress maximum and flow softening in curve B arise from deformation More

Fig. 2 (a) Static recrystallization (SRX) that follows cold working (CW) involves the transition between a high-energy work-hardened state (H) to the low-energy annealed state (A). (b) Dynamic recrystallization (DRX) taking place during hot working (HW) leads at large strains to a steady-state More

Fig. 10 Effect of dislocations introduced by cold working and removed by annealing on width of diffraction peaks in brass. Source: Ref 1 More

Fig. 13 A Ti-50.8Ni alloy wire after cold working 40% and annealing below the recrystallization temperature is tensile tested at 40 °C (105 °F) to various strains (left), highlighting the partitioning of strain into austenitic and martensitic elasticities, transformational recovery More

Fig. 37 Mo-48Re foil (longitudinal section). Warm worked from ingot, then cold worked to a 0.025 mm (0.001 in.) thickness. Hydrogen annealed at 1600 °C (2910 °F) and held at temperature for 2 min. (a) Lamellar-type σ phase. (b) Globular-type σ phase. Modified Murakami's reagent. 500× More

Fig. 21 Effect of cold work and Mg addition on alloy 2419. (a) The effect of cold work on the yield strength response to aging at 149 °C (300 °F) for the alloy with 0.18 at % Mg. (b) The effect of cold work on the yield strength response to aging at 149 °C (300 °F) for the alloy without Mg More

Fig. 23 Effect of cold work and annealing on grain size for Nimonic 90 sheet cold rolled in steps from 1.8 to 0.9 mm (0.072 to 0.036 in.) thick and annealed at five temperatures. Source: Ref 25 More

Fig. 30 Effect of cold work and annealing on grain size for Nimonic 90 sheet cold rolled in steps from 1.8 to 0.9 mm (0.072 to 0.036 in.) thick and annealed at five temperatures More

Fig. 15 Secondary creep rate versus stress for C-129Y sheet, cold worked 50% More

Fig. 22 The effect of cold work on yield strength of aluminum-copper alloy 2419 in naturally aged materials. Source: Ref 8 More