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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003764
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... Abstract This article is a comprehensive collection of tables listing: dangerous reactions of chemicals and designations of etchants; chemical-polishing solutions for irons and steels and nonferrous materials; attack-polishing solutions, macrostructure etchants for iron and steel; and major...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003777
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... B 50 mL lactic acid, 30 mL HNO 3 , 2 mL HF 30 mL lactic acid, 10 mL HNO 3 , 10 mL HF Swab specimen 1 to 3 min with solution A, acts as a chemical polishing agent and etchant; then swab 5 s with solution B; repeat if necessary; HF content in solution B controls etch speed Additional etchants...
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 19 Differential interference contrast light micrograph showing recrystallized grains and residual chemical banding in a longitudinal section of rolled Ta-10 wt% W. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ) for ∼90 s and etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼60 s. Source: Ref 3 More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 8 Differential interference contrast light micrograph of NbCr 2 Laves phase. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ) for ∼30 s and etched (solution C, Table 2 ) for ∼30 s More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 23 Bright-field light micrograph of wrought unalloyed tantalum showing equiaxed grains. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ) for ∼120 s and etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼30 s. Source: Ref 3 More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 33 Differential interference contrast light micrograph of tungsten plate showing equiaxed grain structure. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ), swabbed for ∼30 s, and swab etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼40 s More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 2 Differential interference contrast light micrograph of unalloyed niobium showing a typically equiaxed grain structure. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ), swabbed for ∼90 s, and swab etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼90 s More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 16 Differential interference contrast light micrograph showing typical grain structure of wrought unalloyed tantalum. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ), swabbed for ∼120 s, and swab etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼90 s More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 32 Differential interference contrast light micrograph of tungsten plate material showing equiaxed grain structure. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ), swabbed for ∼30 s, and swab etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼40 s More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 21 Differential interference contrast light micrograph of unalloyed tantalum showing deformation structure resulting from Taylor cylinder testing. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ), swabbed for ∼90 s, and etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼20 s More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 22 Differential interference contrast light micrograph of unalloyed tantalum showing shear localization resulting from Taylor cylinder testing. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ), swabbed for ∼90 s, and etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼20 s More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 7 Differential interference contrast light micrograph of high-purity niobium, rolled and annealed (for super-conductive applications), showing bands of unrecrystallized microstructure. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ) for ∼90 s and etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼30 s More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 14 Differential interference contrast light micrograph of Ta-2.5 wt% W wrought bar product showing partially recrystallized microstructure. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ) for ∼90 s and swab etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼30 s More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 15 Differential interference contrast light micrograph of Ta-2.5 wt% W wrought bar product showing a fully recrystallized microstructure. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ) for ∼90 s and swab etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼90 s More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 17 Differential interference contrast light micrograph of wrought Ta-5 wt% W showing a typical equiaxed grain structure. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ), swabbed for ∼120 s, and swab etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼90 s More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 3 Differential interference contrast light micrograph of unalloyed niobium bar stock showing equiaxed grain structure. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ), swabbed for ∼90 s, etched (solution B, Table 2 ), and swabbed for ∼15 s. Source: Ref 2 More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 20 Differential interference contrast light micrograph showing deformation structure (longitudinal view) of a Ti-60 wt% Ta tensile specimen. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ), swabbed for ∼90 s, and swab etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼45 to 60 s. Source: Ref 2 More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 24 Differential interference contrast light micrograph of as-cast plasma-melted tantalum showing a triple-point structure with Ta 2 O 5 inclusions and TaN needles. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ) for ∼90 s and etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼30 s. Source: Ref 2 More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 12 Differential interference contrast light micrograph of arc-melted hafnium-niobium alloy (Hf-2 wt% Nb) buttons showing acicular α within prior-β grains. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ), swabbed for ∼45 s, and swab etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼20 s More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 13 Differential interference contrast light micrograph of arc-melted hafnium-niobium alloy (Hf-3 wt% Nb) buttons showing acicular α within prior-β grains. Chemically polished (solution A, Table 2 ), swabbed for 60 to 90 s, and swab etched (solution B, Table 2 ) for ∼20 to 30 s. Source More