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carburization
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4D
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04d.a0005939
EISBN: 978-1-62708-168-9
... Abstract Low-temperature carburization hardens the surface of austenitic stainless steels through the diffusion of interstitial carbon without the formation of carbides. This article provides an overview on austenitic stainless steels and low-temperature carburization. It reviews the competing...
Abstract
Low-temperature carburization hardens the surface of austenitic stainless steels through the diffusion of interstitial carbon without the formation of carbides. This article provides an overview on austenitic stainless steels and low-temperature carburization. It reviews the competing technologies and commercial application of low-temperature carburization. The article discusses several processing parameters, including activation of the surface, proper surface preparation, selection and condition of the alloy to be carburized, treatment temperature, and carburizing atmosphere for successful low-temperature carburization of austenitic stainless steels and other chromium-containing alloys. It describes the performance properties of the low-temperature carburized layer: fatigue resistance, wear resistance, erosion resistance, and corrosion resistance.
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Published: 30 September 2015
Fig. 2 Tungsten carburization model. Carburization occurs via a reaction between blended tungsten and carbon powders in a diffusion-controlled process via a shrinking-core mechanism.
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 16 Methodology for cost optimization of carburization. Source: Ref 38
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in Modeling and Simulation of Steel Heat Treatment—Prediction of Microstructure, Distortion, Residual Stresses, and Cracking
> Steel Heat Treating Technologies
Published: 30 September 2014
Fig. 27 (a) Carbon profile at three critical locations after 12 hours carburization, (b) Distribution of residual stress on Section 1 for different carburization times, (c) Residual stress profiles at three critical sections after 12 hours carburization ( Ref 79 ).
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 38 Gas-phase low-temperature carburization process for 316L austenitic stainless steel. Source: Ref 40
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 1 Commercial application of low-temperature carburization: Swagelok Tube Fitting. Courtesy of the Swagelok Company
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 2 Pit furnaces for low-temperature carburization. Courtesy of the Swagelok Company
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 3 Typical process cycle for low-temperature carburization of austenitic stainless steels. It takes up to three days to perform the carburization process, in contrast to minutes with typical heat treating processes.
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 10 Effect of low-temperature carburization on fatigue crack growth for 316 stainless steel. Low-temperature carburization treatment slows the progress of a fatigue crack through a specimen. These lines of data and their slopes indicate that a much larger stress must be applied in order
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 2 Process curves of (a) supersaturated carburization, Process A, (b) supersaturated carburization, Process B, and (c) conventional carburization. C p , carbon potential
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 6 (a) Supersaturated carburization process curves of 35Cr3SiMnMoV steel. (b) Conventional carburization process curves of 20CrMnMo, 20Cr2Ni4 steel. C p , carbon potential. PAG, polyalkylene glycol
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Published: 01 January 1994
Fig. 11 Carburization resistance of bare and aluminized stainless steels at 925 °C (1700 °F). Source: Ref 62
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in Nickel and Nickel Alloys
> Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials
Published: 01 January 1990
Fig. 8 Resistance to gas carburization at 980 and 1090 °C (1800 and 2000 °F). Test duration, 100 h
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Published: 01 January 1990
Fig. 1 Tungsten carbide particles produced by the carburization of tungsten and carbon. 10,000×
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Published: 01 January 2006
Fig. 4 Effect of nickel on the carburization resistance of cast Fe-Ni-Cr and Ni-Cr alloys. Data were generated in pack carburization tests at 1100 °C (2010 °F). Source: Ref 21
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Published: 01 January 2006
Fig. 5 Effect of silicon on the carburization resistance of cast Fe-20Ni-Cr alloys tested at 1090 °C (2000 °F) for 24 h in ethane. Source: Ref 23
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Published: 01 January 2006
Fig. 6 Carburization resistance of type 310 (S31000), 800H (N08810), 25–35NbMA (HP microalloyed), 25–35Nb (HP alloy), 803 (S35045), 602CA (N06025), and 214 (N07214) at 980 °C (1800 °F) for 96 h in H 2 -2%CH 4 with cycling to room temperature and data collection every 24 h. Source: Ref 24
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 5 Extent of grain growth during carburization of two steels. Cold-drawn (CD) stock of AISI 1018 and 8620 develops larger grains with time at processing temperature (1010 °C, or 1850 °F) than does hot rolled (HR) stock. Source: Ref 9
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Published: 01 January 1989
Fig. 1 Tungsten carbide particles produced by the carburization of tungsten and carbon. 10,000×
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 10 Effect of carburization time on surface carbon content and microstructure of a carbon steel (type 1018). Gas carburized at 925 °C (1700 °F) for indicated times, furnace cooled to 540 °C (1000 °F) in 130 min, then air cooled to room temperature. Carburization was done in leaktight
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