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brittle-matrix composite failures

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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0009081
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... Abstract This article describes methods for analyzing impact-damaged composites in the aircraft industry. These include C-scan and x-radiography methods and optical microscopy. The article reviews brittle-matrix composite and tough-matrix composite failures. It explains the different types...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003469
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... (CFCCs) is complicated by the complex structure of the composite material. To perform successfully (that is, to exhibit damage tolerance without undergoing catastrophic brittle failure), CFCCs often must incorporate three constituents (fiber, matrix, interphase between the fiber and matrix) for use...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003466
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... Fracture of Composites with Brittle, Thermoset Matrices Most of the fractographic evidence in interlaminar fractures that would be indicative of the material, processing, load, and/or environmental conditions at failure are found in the matrix materials, rather than the fibers, of the composite...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1987
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0000625
EISBN: 978-1-62708-181-8
... the ductile fracture, interlaminar failure, transgranular cleavage and fracture, tension-overload fracture, longitudinal and transverse cracking, fiber splitting, stress rupture, and low-cycle fatigue of these composites. ductile to brittle transition fractograph metal-matrix composites tensile...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 20
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1997
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v20.a0002478
EISBN: 978-1-62708-194-8
.... Fig. 3 Interfacial bonding. A bundle of fibers (a) usually will have about 70 to 80% of the average tensile strength determined on a single fibers. With a very strong bond between fiber and matrix (b), the whole composite will fail in a brittle manner when the very weakest fiber in the composite...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003374
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... of fiber-matrix adhesion, but can also provide information about fiber-matrix failure mode and a method to measure the energy involved in fracture of the fiber-matrix interface. This last parameter is important in relating fiber- matrix adhesion to composite toughness. Direct Methods The direct...
Image
Published: 01 January 2001
Fig. 5 Fracture surface of A-4/epoxy [±45] 3S composites, illustrating the different nature of the failure mode and interphase properties. The fiber-matrix adhesion decreases in the order AS-4C > AS-4 > AU-4. AU-4 and AS-4 exhibit interfacial failure modes; AS-4C fails in a matrix More
Image
Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 3 Impact damage of a carbon fiber composite material that has a brittle matrix. (a) Montage of the impact area. Epi-fluorescence, 390–440 nm excitation, 5× objective. (b) Fiber fracture area in the composite. Epi-fluorescence, 390–440 nm excitation, 25× objective. (c) Fracture shown More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0006878
EISBN: 978-1-62708-387-4
... Abstract This article presents the failure of polymer-matrix composites and the methodology for fractography. It provides a detailed discussion on the types of translaminar, interlaminar, and intralaminar failures. The article also presents a discussion on the types of fatigue failures...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003379
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... triorthogonal coordinates. This invariant is defined as: (Eq 1) J 1 = ε 1 + ε 2 + ε 3 If the local volume of the matrix is increased sufficiently, failure will occur by cracking on a plane perpendicular to the highest principal strain. Because most fiber-polymer composites...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002417
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... ceramic fatigue data for fatigue crack growth testing and concludes with a discussion on life prediction for ceramics or ceramic-matrix composites. brittle materials ceramic-matrix composites ceramics crack propagation fatigue fatigue crack growth fatigue crack growth testing high-temperature...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003393
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... advantages to composites over homogenous materials, but complicates the development of design allowables. The number of potential failure modes of the material is increased due to the presence of multiple constituent materials. For example, in polymer-matrix composites (PMC), some failure modes are sensitive...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002418
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... The calculated notch sensitivity for a material with long, brittle reinforcements that may fracture as the crack extends Fig. 10 The notch insensitivity found experimentally for ceramic-matrix composites caused by stress redistribution Inelastic Strains A mechanism-based strategy...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0007035
EISBN: 978-1-62708-387-4
... is surrounded by a ferrite matrix; therefore, soft areas result. Improper chemical composition and mechanical properties, although not ordinarily considered to cast “imperfections,” may result in unsatisfactory performance in service. For example, segregation in castings can result in improper...