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This article presents typical problems encountered in the analysis of experimental creep and creep-rupture data and the possible solutions to these drawbacks. It provides information on planning the test and creep strain/time relationships. The exponential creep equation and the rational polynomial creep equation are discussed. The article also describes the dependence of stress and temperature on equation parameters and explains the lot-centered regression analysis.

This article is a brief guide to information sources on thermal spray technology. The sources provided by ASM International and the Thermal Spray Society (TSS) include magazines and journals as well as reference books, including the ASM Handbook series, conference proceedings, newsletters, education courses, and videos. The article provides information on the specifications, standards, and quality control for coatings.

This glossary contains the definitions of terms related to the characterization and failure analysis of plastics.

This article describes the characterization techniques, mechanical tests, and nondestructive evaluation methods that are commonly used for metal-matrix composites. It also tabulates typical methods of particle size and size distribution measurement, as well as mechanical test specifications for aluminum-matrix composites.

This article addresses some established protocols for characterizing thermoplastics and whether they are homogeneous resins, alloyed, or blended compositions or highly modified thermoplastic composites. It begins with a discussion on characterizing mechanical, rheological, and thermal properties of polymer. This is followed by a section describing molecular weight determination using viscosity measurements. Next, the article discusses the use of cone and plate and parallel plate geometries in melt rheology. It then reviews the processes involved in the analysis of thermoplastic resins by chromatography. Finally, the article covers three operations of thermoanalysis, namely differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and thermomechanical testing.

Flammability is the ability of a material to undergo easy ignition and rapid flaming combustion. This article provides information on flammability tests of polymers and codes and regulations that cite these tests. Many organizations are involved in the characterization and specification of flammability properties, resulting in several categorization strategies for flammability tests, including tests for specific fire response characteristics, research tests versus acceptance tests, tests for different levels of severity, and tests for basis of origin. The article presents an overview on the basic approaches in improving the fire resistance of polymers and the burning process (heating, decomposition, ignition, combustion, and propagation). It provides a brief description on the test methods which are classified into two types, one based on fire response characteristics and the other on particular applications of polymeric materials.

This article provides an overview of how this volume is organized and structured. It describes the methods for analyzing the materials in simplified terms and emphasizes the most common applications and limitations of each method.

This article discusses the applications and use of salt spray (fog) testing used to test the resistance of aluminum alloys to exfoliation corrosion. There are two basic types of salt-spray/fog corrosion tests: static condition tests and cyclic condition tests. The article provides a discussion of these tests and indicates the significant differences in each type test used in the combination of weathering and corrosion testing procedures. It also provides information on the test specimen preparation for spray (fog) corrosion tests. Industry specific standards for test specimen procedures often reference the ASTM standards as a basis. The article includes various ASTM standards that describe several cleaning procedures used prior to testing. It describes the major components of a corrosion test chamber.

Tribology is the science and technology of interacting surfaces in relative motion or, the study of friction, wear, and lubrication. This article focuses on friction and wear processes that aid in the evaluation and selection of materials, for polymers and some composites used in friction and wear applications. It provides information on friction, types of wear, and lubrication. The article includes a brief description of the friction and wear test methods, laboratory-scale friction, and wear testing, usually performed either to rank the performance of candidate materials for an application or to investigate a particular wear process. It describes the wear tests conducted with/without abrasives and explains the concept of PV limit (where P is contact pressure and V is velocity). The article concludes with references and tables of friction and wear test data for polymeric materials.

Ultraviolet/visible (UV/VIS) absorption spectroscopy is a powerful yet cost-effective tool that is widely used to identify organic compounds and to measure the concentration of principal and trace constituents in liquid, gas, and solid test samples. This article emphasizes the quantitative analysis of elements in metals and metal-bearing ores. The instrumentation required for such applications consists of a light source, a filter or wavelength selector, and some type of visual or automated sensing mechanism. The article examines common sensing options and provides helpful information on how to set up and run a variety of UV/VIS absorption tests.

Immersion testing is the most frequently conducted test for evaluating corrosion of metals in aqueous solutions. This article focuses on the basic factors that are considered in different conditions of immersion testing. These factors are solution composition, temperature, aeration, volume, velocity, and waterline effects; specimen surface preparation; method of immersion of specimens; duration of test; and method of cleaning specimens. The article discusses the different conditions of immersion testing, namely, full immersion condition, high temperature condition, partial immersion and vapor phase condition, and alternate immersion condition. It concludes with a checklist of items that should be included in a standard report of immersion tests.

This article presents a diagramatic representation of a periodic system that illustrates the fundamental alloying nature of iron for ferrous metallurgists.

This article discusses several purposes and types of materials characterization techniques. Some of the factors to be considered when selecting appropriate characterization methods are described. The article also presents the scope and organization of this volume.

Characterization of nonmechanical properties is performed in the testing and certification of composite materials. This article focuses on the properties of composites that are commonly investigated. The properties include: per ply thickness; constituent content; density; coefficient of thermal expansion and coefficient of moisture expansion; glass transition temperature; thermal conductivity, diffusivity, and specific heat.