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Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005177
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
..., gooseneck punches, wiping dies, channel dies, arbor-type punches, box-forming dies, curling dies, beading dies, and cam-driven dies, with illustrations. It discusses the tool material selection for various operations. The article explains the procedures used for producing different shapes, including simple...
Image
Published: 01 January 2006
Fig. 3 Dies and draw beads used in wear tests. (a) Lower. (b) Upper More
Image
Published: 01 January 2006
Fig. 8 Beaded truck-cab roof that was stretch draw formed with mating dies. Dimensions given in inches More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0009000
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
...-strength steels (AHSS) have attracted increasing attention for emerging applications in vehicle body structures. In stamping operations of sheet metals for automotive BIW parts, wear of draw dies and draw beads occurs as a result of high, localized contact pressure and friction between the sheet metals...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005113
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... the wire is not used, the operation is known as curling or false wiring ( Fig. 24 ). Curling dies are shown in Fig. 25 . Fig. 24 Curls. (a) Open and closed curls. (b) Wiring and curling Fig. 25 Curling dies on a press brake Bead-Forming Dies Bead-forming dies are available...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005128
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... by the progressive deformation of sheet metal in matched dies under the repetitive blows of a gravity-drop hammer or a power-drop hammer. The configurations most commonly formed by the process include shallow, smoothly contoured double-curvature parts; shallow-beaded parts; and parts with irregular and comparatively...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0009001
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... OF DRAW DIES and draw beads occurs as a result of high, localized contact pressure and friction between sheet metal and die surfaces, among others. Die wear may take place in various forms, such as changes in radii, peeling off or wearing out of surface coatings, scratches, galling, and/or pitting...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005179
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... on shallow forming dies. The article describes the wear of material for dies to draw round and square cup-shaped metal parts in a press. It also discusses the effect of process conditions on the shallow forming dies. bending deep drawing deep-drawing dies ironing lubrication metal forming shallow...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005150
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... a discussion on three separate frictional conditions acting in a draw die. The frictional conditions include the metal passing through a draw bead, the metal clamped in the binder, and the metal sliding across a die radius. The article also explains the basic steps in the vehicle development process. The steps...
Book Chapter

By Mahmoud Y. Demeri, Steve Lampman
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005162
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
...” in this Volume. Presses and Dies The characteristics of the various types of presses used in forming sheet metal parts are discussed in the article “Presses and Auxiliary Equipment for Forming of Sheet Metal” in this Volume. Single- and double-action presses are available in approximately the same...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14a.a0004037
EISBN: 978-1-62708-185-6
... configuration of the forged workpiece. The “parting line” (symbol ) is the projected line around the periphery of a forging that is defined by the adjacent and mating faces of the forging dies when the dies are closed. Thus, the concept of parting line is applicable only to forgings produced in closed...
Book Chapter

By Mahmoud Y. Demeri
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005121
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... selection for drawing. It explains the types of dies used for drawing sheet metal and the effects of process variables and material variables on deep drawing. The process variables that affect the success or failure of a deep-drawing operation include the punch and die radii, punch-to-die clearance, press...
Book Chapter

By E. Doege, B.-A. Behrens, G. Kurz, O. Vogt
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005144
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... from particles of foreign metal that can become embedded in the surface of the workpiece and impair its corrosion resistance. Hard rubber inserts in dies are sometimes helpful in preventing damage to the work metal and in forming large radii. However, this practice is not recommended for high...
Book Chapter

By Pawel Kazanowski
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005141
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... and dies in blanking and piercing than do steels. On drawing tools, they require larger clearances but approximately the same radii, to allow the free flow of metal and avoid excessive stretching. The amount of springback in forming aluminum alloys, which is generally more than that of steel, must...
Book Chapter

By Mahmoud Y. Demeri
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005122
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... is slower than competitive processes, and it is not suited to high-volume production. However, stretch draw forming with mating dies can be done as rapidly and automatically as conventional press operations. In fact, punch presses are used with dies incorporating draw beads or other means of gripping...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005129
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... such as the orientation of weld relative to metal movement in dies, the formability of TWB materials, die and press considerations, and specific factors for the drawing, stretching, and bending of steel tailor-welded blanks. bending drawing formability forming stretching tailor-welded blanks welding...
Book Chapter

By F.S. Pettit
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001307
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... tools, forming dies, and heat-treating fixtures. Although metal contamination is not always harmful, its presence can be highly deleterious in certain cases. For example, Inconel X-750 may be unaffected by traces of zinc from drawing dies, but even the smallest particle of aluminum will readily alloy...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 22B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v22b.a0005540
EISBN: 978-1-62708-197-9
... the successful development of automatic meshing for dies and the adaptivity for deformable sheet metal. The main emphasis during that period was focused on formability evaluation from blanking through trimming operations. Users were looking for answers to straining, thinning, wrinkling, and failure predictions...
Book Chapter

By Joseph A. Douthett
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005139
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... 0.81 mm (0.032 in.) thick, sheared to 216 mm (8 1 2 in.) square. The bead formed in the first die was used as a locating surface in the second die. The dies were brushed with oil between pieces. The production rate for both operations was seven pieces per minute. Setup time for the first...
Book Chapter

By Chung-Yeh Sa
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005151
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... a set of dies. It was a black art in real production until the 1980s. Many fundamental theories in plasticity had been published prior to this time. However, most application research work at the time was limited to simple shapes or idealized conditions. Hence, the direct impact of that work...