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austempering
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4F
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 February 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v4F.a0007009
EISBN: 978-1-62708-450-5
... Abstract Martempering and austempering processes may eliminate the need for conventional oil quenching and tempering. This article presents the suitability of steels for martempering and austempering. It discusses the compositions of oils suitable for marquenching and modified marquenching...
Abstract
Martempering and austempering processes may eliminate the need for conventional oil quenching and tempering. This article presents the suitability of steels for martempering and austempering. It discusses the compositions of oils suitable for marquenching and modified marquenching and also presents safety precautions recommended for the use of martempering oils. Finally, the article explains the effect of agitation and water in a molten salt bath.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005810
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... Abstract This article provides a detailed discussion on the factors involved in the selection of steels for austempering, including section thickness limitations of steel parts and modifications of austempering practice. The selection of steel for an austempered component is based...
Abstract
This article provides a detailed discussion on the factors involved in the selection of steels for austempering, including section thickness limitations of steel parts and modifications of austempering practice. The selection of steel for an austempered component is based on the processing characteristics of the heat treating equipment employed. It is also based on the hardenability and transformation characteristics of the steel alloy as indicated by time-temperature-transformation and isothermal-transformation diagrams. The article contains tables that compare the dimensional changes that occur in stabilizer bars as a result of oil quenching and tempering with those that resulted from austempering. It also discusses the production applications of austempering and the problems encountered in austempering together with their solutions.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006339
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... Abstract Austempered ductile iron (ADI) results from a specialty heat treatment of ductile cast iron. This article discusses the production of austempered ductile iron by heat treatment. The austempered ductile iron grades, according to ISO 17804 and EN 1564, are presented in a table...
Abstract
Austempered ductile iron (ADI) results from a specialty heat treatment of ductile cast iron. This article discusses the production of austempered ductile iron by heat treatment. The austempered ductile iron grades, according to ISO 17804 and EN 1564, are presented in a table. For economic reasons, or to avoid metallurgical problems, combinations of alloys are often used to achieve the desired hardenability in austempered ductile iron. The article provides information on the alloy combinations for austempered ductile iron. The mechanical properties, fracture toughness, fatigue, and abrasion resistance of the austempered ductile iron are discussed. The article concludes with information on the applications for austempered ductile iron.
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 63 Comparison of (a) martempering and (b) austempering processes
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 10 Variation in dimensions of 3 mm (0.125 in.) thick levers after austempering and after water quenching and tempering. Horizontal bars represent groups of ten samples.
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 18 Macrostructure of a spheroidal graphite iron etched by direct austempering after solidification. Source: Ref 13
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Published: 01 December 1998
Fig. 16 Micrographs of ductile iron treated at different austempering temperatures. (a) Ductile iron austempered at 260 °C (500 °F) exhibits a fine acicular structure with the following properties: tensile strength, 1585 MPa (230 ksi); yield strength, 1380 MPa (200 ksi); elongation, 3
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Published: 01 December 1998
Fig. 5 Relationship between austempering temperature and the strength and ductility of a 1.5Ni-0.3Mo alloyed ductile iron. Austenitizing temperature was 900 °C (1650 °F).
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in Problems Associated with Heat Treated Parts
> Analysis and Prevention of Component and Equipment Failures
Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 18 Cooling paths for (a) martempering, (b) austempering, and (c) time quenching superimposed on the isothermal transformation curve for eutectoid steel
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Published: 01 January 1990
Fig. 16 Effect of austempering heat treatment on the performance of 52100 steel bearings. Source: Ref 8
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in Classification and Basic Metallurgy of Cast Iron[1]
> Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys
Published: 01 January 1990
Fig. 22 Austempering process for cast iron. Source: Ref 17
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Published: 01 January 1990
Fig. 8 Relationship between austempering temperature and the strength and ductility of a 1.5Ni-0.3Mo alloyed ductile iron. Austenitizing temperature was 900 °C (1650 °F). Source: Ref 3
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 11 Effect of austempering on 52100 steel bearing performance in a contaminated environment. The more ductile lower bainitic microstructure has significantly more rolling contact-fatigue life than the martensitic microstructure. Source: Ref 17
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 2 IT diagram of a processing sequence for austempering, with the M s and M f decreasing as the γ is enriched with carbon during stage I
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 6 Micrographs of ductile iron treated at different austempering temperatures. (a) Ductile iron austempered at 260 °C (500 °F) exhibits a fine acicular structure with the following typical properties: tensile strength, 1585 MPa (230 ksi); yield strength, 1380 MPa (200 ksi); elongation, 3
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 19 Effect of austempering temperature on properties of ductile iron. (a) Yield strength and tensile strength versus austempering temperature. (b) Impact strength versus austempering temperature. Source: Ref 20
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 20 Elongation versus austempering time for a group of ductile iron alloys. Source: Ref 21
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 22 Photomicrographs of Carbidic ADI (CADI) treated at different austempering temperatures. (a) Carbidic ductile iron with 18% carbide by volume austempered at 370 °C (700 °F) (b) same iron as in (a) austempered at 260 °C (500 °F). Etched with 5% Nital. Courtesy of Applied Process, Inc.
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Published: 31 August 2017
Fig. 1 (left) Gray iron sample treated with direct austempering after solidification. (right) Crystallographic orientation map obtained by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). See the article “Metallography and Microstructures of Cast Iron” in this Volume for a color version of the EBSD
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