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Image
Low-velocity atmospheric pressure burner rig pins after 1000 h exposure to ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2003
Fig. 20 Low-velocity atmospheric pressure burner rig pins after 1000 h exposure to combustion gases from fuel containing (a) 0.099 wt% C residue and (b) 0.33 wt% C residue. Increased carbon residue has a vast effect on aluminide coating performance.
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Book Chapter
Corrosion in Wastewater Systems
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004104
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... the piping system that transports the wastewater to the treatment facility are discussed. The article describes the corrosion performance of various materials in the soil, fluid, and atmospheric exposures. These include concrete, steel, ductile iron, aluminum, copper, brass, stainless steel, and coatings...
Abstract
This article provides information on predesign surveys and the various testing procedures associated with wastewater treatment plants. These include soil testing, atmospheric testing, and hydrogen sulfide testing. The primary parameters that influence the production of sulfides within the piping system that transports the wastewater to the treatment facility are discussed. The article describes the corrosion performance of various materials in the soil, fluid, and atmospheric exposures. These include concrete, steel, ductile iron, aluminum, copper, brass, stainless steel, and coatings used for wastewater facilities.
Book: Corrosion: Materials
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13b.a0003819
EISBN: 978-1-62708-183-2
... consistent durability in all types of atmospheric exposure, including industrial, rural, and marine. The article tabulates the corrosion of lead in various natural outdoor atmospheres and the corrosion of lead alloys in various soils. It explains the factors that influence in initiating or accelerating...
Abstract
The rate and form of corrosion that occur in a particular situation depend on many complex variables. This article discusses the rate of corrosion of lead in natural and domestic water depending on the degree of water hardness caused by calcium and magnesium salts. Lead exhibits consistent durability in all types of atmospheric exposure, including industrial, rural, and marine. The article tabulates the corrosion of lead in various natural outdoor atmospheres and the corrosion of lead alloys in various soils. It explains the factors that influence in initiating or accelerating corrosion: galvanic coupling, differential aeration, alkalinity, and stray currents. The resistance of lead and lead alloys to corrosion by a wide variety of chemicals is attributed to the polarization of local anodes caused by the formation of a relatively insoluble surface film of lead corrosion products. The article also provides information on the corrosion rate of lead in chemical environments.
Book Chapter
Chromate and Chromate-Free Conversion Coatings
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003679
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... Abstract Chromate conversion coatings (CCCs) are primarily used to improve adhesion of subsequently applied organic coatings or to impart corrosion resistance during atmospheric exposure. This article describes the factors that affect the formation of CCCs. It provides information...
Abstract
Chromate conversion coatings (CCCs) are primarily used to improve adhesion of subsequently applied organic coatings or to impart corrosion resistance during atmospheric exposure. This article describes the factors that affect the formation of CCCs. It provides information on the processing sequence, morphology, composition, and properties of CCCs. The article discusses the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy approach used for evaluating conversion coatings. The test methods for various CCCs properties are also reviewed. The article examines the various coatings associated with chromate-free conversion. These include: titanium and zirconium fluorocomplexes; cerium-base, manganese-base, cobalt-base, and molybdate-base conversion coatings; hydrotalcite coatings; and organic coatings.
Image
Effect of exposure time on corrosion of steels in marine atmosphere at Kure...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
Fig. 19 Effect of exposure time on corrosion of steels in marine atmosphere at Kure Beach, NC. Source: Ref 17 Steel Composition, % C Mn P S Si Cu Ni Cr A (a) 0.09 0.24 0.15 0.024 0.80 0.43 0.05 1.1 M (a) 0.06 0.48 0.11 0.030 0.54
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Typical coating systems used in various environments. (a) Adduct-cured epox...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2006
Book Chapter
Simulated Service Testing in the Atmosphere
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003649
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... testing corrosion material selection commercial alloys laboratory corrosion test atmospheric-corrosion SIMULATED SERVICE TESTING is the most reliable predictor of corrosion behavior short of in-plant tests and actual service experience. Simulated service testing includes exposures of structural...
Abstract
Simulated service testing is the most reliable predictor of corrosion behavior that is important for specific objectives. These include materials selection, predicting the probable service life of a product or structure, evaluating new commercial alloys and processes, and calibrating laboratory corrosion tests in short of in-plant tests and actual service experience. This article provides a detailed discussion on the types of atmospheres used in simulated service testing. It describes the specifics of atmospheric-corrosion test that include equipment, test arrangement, and test specimen; factors affecting atmospheric corrosion; and evaluation of exposed atmospheric-corrosion panels. The article concludes with a discussion on the empirical model used for analyzing the atmospheric-corrosion measurements for estimating the service life of the part being evaluated.
Image
Original T.P. Hoar study panels after over 48 years of exposure at the 250 ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2006
Fig. 6 Original T.P. Hoar study panels after over 48 years of exposure at the 250 m (820 ft) marine atmospheric exposure site in Kure Beach, NC. See the article “Corrosion of Metallic Coatings” in this Volume.
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Image
Original T.P. Hoar study panels after over 48 years of exposure at the 250 ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2006
Fig. 2 Original T.P. Hoar study panels after over 48 years of exposure at the 250 m (800 ft) marine atmospheric exposure site in Kure Beach, NC. (a) View of test rack. (b) Closer view of thermal spray coatings and other panels.
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Image
Examples that show the morphological diversity of the corrosion products th...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
, 2.5 min of 100% humidity, and 10 min of air drying. (c) After atmospheric exposure. (d) After immersion in water. (e) After exposure in a sealed box containing water (100% humidity). (f) After a cyclic test with 10 min of spraying with 0.001 M Na 2 (SO) 4 , 30 min of 100% humidity, and 20 min of air
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Image
Surface corrosion of AZ-91C magnesium radar assembly resulting from atmosph...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2006
Fig. 6 Surface corrosion of AZ-91C magnesium radar assembly resulting from atmospheric exposure. Courtesy of J. Benfer, Naval Air Depot—Jacksonville
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Image
Corrosion of a nickel-plated aluminum mounting bracket for AV-8 aircraft du...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2006
Fig. 12 Corrosion of a nickel-plated aluminum mounting bracket for AV-8 aircraft due to atmospheric exposure. Courtesy of J. Whitfield, Naval Air Depot—Cherry Point
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Image
Scribed, sealed and painted thermal spray coatings on steel substrates comp...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2006
Fig. 8 Scribed, sealed and painted thermal spray coatings on steel substrates compared to a scribed, painted steel panel after 42 months of severe marine atmospheric exposure. See the article “Corrosion of Metallic Coatings” in this Volume.
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Image
Percent of area corroded on single-element powder thermal spray coatings af...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2006
Fig. 1 Percent of area corroded on single-element powder thermal spray coatings after 34 years of marine atmospheric exposure in the 250 m (800 ft) lot at Kure Beach, NC. Source: Ref 1
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Image
Tensile strength losses for (a) low-carbon steel and (b) representative non...
Available to PurchasePublished: 15 June 2019
Fig. 22 Tensile strength losses for (a) low-carbon steel and (b) representative non-heat-treatable aluminum alloys at several atmospheric exposure sites. Strength losses of the aluminum alloys are less than one-tenth that of the low-carbon steel.
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Image
Tensile-strength losses for (a) low-carbon steel and (b) representative non...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
Fig. 22 Tensile-strength losses for (a) low-carbon steel and (b) representative non-heat-treatable aluminum alloys at several atmospheric exposure sites. Strength losses of the aluminum alloys are less than one-tenth that of the low-carbon steel
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Image
Lack of correlation between ASTM B 117 salt fog test results and natural ma...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 1994
Fig. 2 Lack of correlation between ASTM B 117 salt fog test results and natural marine-atmosphere exposure test data for cadmium-plated (light-shaded bars) and zinc-plated (dark-shaded bars) mild steel. The ASTM D 610 rating scale extends from severe substrate corrosion (rating 1
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Book Chapter
Corrosion of Metallic Coatings
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004107
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... initial exposure at the 250 m (800 ft) marine atmospheric site, the 0.08 mm (3 mils) and 0.15 mm (6 mils) thermal spray aluminum coatings were fully intact with only a small amount of rust staining noted on the 0.08 mm (3 mils) panel at a cut edge and no rust or rust staining noted on the thicker coating...
Abstract
A sacrificial coating applied to a steel substrate can add 20 years or more of life to the substrate, depending on its thickness and composition. Different techniques to apply sacrificial coatings offer various characteristics that contribute to corrosion resistance. This article discusses thermal spray, hotdipping, and electroplating processes used to apply coatings in steel structures. It describes the corrosion attributes of the resulting coatings and discusses the methods of protecting steel from corrosion using aluminum and zinc coatings.
Image
Comparison of scribed, sealed, and painted thermal spray coatings on steel ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2006
Fig. 3 Comparison of scribed, sealed, and painted thermal spray coatings on steel substrates to a scribed painted steel panel after 42 months of severe marine atmospheric exposure. (a) Flame-sprayed aluminum on steel, sealed/painted. (b) Painted steel panel (one coat MIL P24441 F150 primer
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Image
Protection distance of a planar steel/zinc galvanic couple under various en...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
Fig. 16 Protection distance of a planar steel/zinc galvanic couple under various environmental conditions. Source: Ref 23 Tests Test No. Type 1 100% relative humidity+dry 2 Deionized water spray+100% relative humidity+dry 3 Tapwater spray 4 Atmospheric exposure
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