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anisotropy
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Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 1 Influence of forging reduction on anisotropy for a 0.35% C wrought steel. Properties for a 0.35% C cast steel are shown in the graph by a star (*) for purposes of comparison.
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Image
Published: 01 January 1986
Fig. 13 Effect of temperature on the first anisotropy constant, K . (a) hcp cobalt. (b) fcc nickel. Results obtained from FMR are compared with measured values from torque magnetometry. See Table 1 for resonance equations for cubic and uniaxial crystals.
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Image
Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 7 Average yield loci (π-plane projection; left) and in-plane anisotropy (Lankford coefficient; right) associated with fcc plane strain (solid line) and plane strain plus shear (dashed line). Calculated from predicted textures of Fig. 6(b) corresponding to 63% rolling reduction
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Image
Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 9 Average yield loci (π-plane projection) and in-plane anisotropy (Lankford coefficient) associated with bcc rolling textures of Fig. 8 . The Lankford coefficient of the experimental texture was calculated discretizing the texture and assuming pencil glide conditions
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Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 18 Anisotropy parameter R versus the local axial true strain for various nominal strain rates. Data correspond to a Ti-21Al-22Nb alloy. Source: Ref 10
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 47 Microstructure anisotropy. (a) Schematic views of microstructural anisotropy in cylindrical and rectangular sections. (b) Transverse (left) and longitudinal (right) view of anisotropy in solidification microstructure from directional cooling of aluminum-copper eutectic alloy. 400×. (c
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in Nondestructive Evaluation of Pressed and Sintered Powder Metallurgy Parts[1]
> Nondestructive Evaluation of Materials
Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 27 Anisotropy of ultrasound in green transverse rupture bars. Source: Ref 26
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in Nondestructive Evaluation of Additively Manufactured Metallic Parts
> Nondestructive Evaluation of Materials
Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 2 Anisotropy and preferential alignment of microstructure dependent on build direction (observed in in-fill hatching region) and heat source scanning direction (on top surface). Nucleation from the powder bed also changes grain structure in the contour (edge) regions. Source: Ref 10
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in The Liquid State and Principles of Solidification of Cast Iron
> Cast Iron Science and Technology
Published: 31 August 2017
Fig. 18 Effect of crystalline anisotropy on interface shape in directional growth (growth velocity of 35 μm/s) of directional-solidification growth patterns in thin films of the CBr 4 -8mol%C 2 Cl 6 alloy. Source: Ref 21
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Image
Published: 01 January 2006
Fig. 14 Impact of bend anisotropy on part layout. (a) Hypothetical part, which has equal-radius bends at 90° orientations in the plane of the strip. Selection of the appropriate copper strip alloy for this application depends on the material strength and the bend properties in the relevant
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Published: 01 January 2006
Fig. 40 FE predicted effect of planar anisotropy on wrinkling behavior. (a) Normal anisotropy (Hill's 1948 yield function, stroke=25 mm, or 1.0 in.). (b) Planar anisotropy (Yld91 yield function, stroke=20 mm, or 0.8 in.). Source: Ref 103
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Image
Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 23 Effect of crystalline anisotropy on interface shape in directional growth (growth velocity of 35 μm/s) of directional-solidification growth patterns in thin films of the CBr4–8 mol % C 2 Cl 6 alloy). Source: Ref 8
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in Monte Carlo Models for Grain Growth and Recrystallization
> Fundamentals of Modeling for Metals Processing
Published: 01 December 2009
Fig. 13 Boundary geometry used to validate the Q -state Potts model for anisotropic grain growth. Boundary conditions are continuous in the x -direction and fixed in the y -direction. The boundary between grain A and grains B and C is the only boundary that moves. θ 1 is the misorientation bet...
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006285
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
..., and the effect of annealing on anisotropy. aluminum aluminum alloys annealing cold forming microstructure precipitation hardening quenching recrystallization solution heat treatment OTHER THAN ALLOY CONTENT, the temper state of an alloy has the biggest effect on final properties...
Abstract
Annealing is an essential treatment in the fabrication of metal parts and semiproducts. This article discusses the processes involved in annealing, namely, recovery, recrystallization, and grain coarsening. It lists the heat treatment conditions of processed aluminum alloys. It provides information on the types of heat treatment, which include preheating, full anneal, stabilization, and stoving. The article describes the steps involved for achieving the age-hardening effect and the strongest hardening effect in aluminum. The steps to increase the strength of aluminum alloys by extremely fine, dispersed second-phase particles are: solution heat treatment, quenching, and age hardening. Finally, the article also discusses the process parameters of annealing, including the effect of strain, effect of temperature, effect of heating rate, and the effect of alloy elements, and the effect of annealing on anisotropy.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001084
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
... process, refining, and melting. It also discusses the primary and secondary fabrication of zirconium and hafnium and its alloys. The article talks about the metallurgy of zirconium and its alloys with emphasis on allotropic transformation, cold work and recrystallization, anisotropy and preferred...
Abstract
Zirconium, hafnium, and titanium are produced from ore that generally is found in a heavy beach sand containing zircon, rutile, and ilmenite. This article discusses the processing methods of these metals, namely, liquid-liquid separation process, distillation separation process, refining, and melting. It also discusses the primary and secondary fabrication of zirconium and hafnium and its alloys. The article talks about the metallurgy of zirconium and its alloys with emphasis on allotropic transformation, cold work and recrystallization, anisotropy and preferred orientation, and the role of oxygen. It concludes by providing useful information on the applications of reactor and industrial grades of zirconium alloys.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001114
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
... processing, including powder-in-tube processing, vapor deposition processing, and melt processing. It further discusses the microstructural, anisotropy and weak link influences on these processes. high-temperature superconductors melt processing oxide powder precursor powder precursor preparation...
Abstract
The discovery of the high-critical-temperature oxide superconductors has accelerated the interest for superconducting applications due to its higher-temperature operation at liquid nitrogen or above and thus reduces the refrigeration and liquid helium requirement. It also permits usage of the high-critical-temperature oxides in magnets or power applications in high-current-carrying wire or tape with acceptable mechanical capability. This article discusses the powder techniques mainly based on the production of an oxide powder precursor, which is then subjected to various processing, including powder-in-tube processing, vapor deposition processing, and melt processing. It further discusses the microstructural, anisotropy and weak link influences on these processes.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003149
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... and anisotropy that profoundly influences the engineering properties of zirconium and its alloys. Tables listing the values for chemical composition and tensile properties for nuclear and nonnuclear grades of zirconium are also provided. alloy grades corrosion resistance fabrication hafnium physical...
Abstract
This article discusses the general characteristics, primary and secondary fabrication methods, product forms, and corrosion resistance of zirconium and hafnium. It describes the physical metallurgy of zirconium and its alloys, providing details on allotropic transformation and anisotropy that profoundly influences the engineering properties of zirconium and its alloys. Tables listing the values for chemical composition and tensile properties for nuclear and nonnuclear grades of zirconium are also provided.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14a.a0004037
EISBN: 978-1-62708-185-6
...Abstract Abstract Control of grain flow is one of the major advantages of shaping metal parts by rolling, forging, or extrusion. This article shows the effects of anisotropy on mechanical properties. Cylindrical forgings commonly have a straight parting line located in a diametral plane...
Abstract
Control of grain flow is one of the major advantages of shaping metal parts by rolling, forging, or extrusion. This article shows the effects of anisotropy on mechanical properties. Cylindrical forgings commonly have a straight parting line located in a diametral plane. The alternate classes of parting lines are called either "straight" or "broken" for brevity. Regardless of whether draft is applied or natural, the forging will have its maximum spread or girth at the parting line. Proper placement of the parting line ensures that the principal grain flow direction within the forging will be parallel to the principal direction of service loading. The article reviews the mutual dependence of parting line and forging process. It provides a checklist for the forging designer that suggests a systematic approach for establishing parting line location. Finally, the article contains examples, with illustrations of parting line locations, accompanied by tables of design parameters.