Search Results for angle iron

This article discusses the most important factors required for cutoff methods. It explains the operations of machines used for the punching, shearing, notching, or coping of plates, bars, and structural sections. The article describes the effects of the blade angle and speed on the shear blade life. It reviews the design requirements and best practices for the production of blades. The article compares double-cut dies with single-cut dies used for shearing of structural and bar shapes. The shearing of specific forms, such as angle iron and flat stock, is also discussed. The article describes the advantages of hydraulic bar and structural shears. It concludes with information on the principle and construction of impact cutoff machines.

This article discusses the influence of microstructure and chemical composition on the physical properties of cast iron. The physical properties include density, thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, specific heat, electrical conductivity, magnetic properties, and acoustic properties. The article describes the properties of liquid iron in terms of surface energy, contact angles, and viscosity. The conductive properties such as thermal and electrical conductivity, of the main metallographic phases present in cast iron are presented in a table. The article discusses the magnetic properties of cast iron in terms of magnetic intensity, magnetic induction, magnetic permeability, remanent magnetism, coercive force, and hysteresis loss. It concludes with a discussion on the acoustic properties of cast iron.

The appearance, morphology, and extent of the casting skin are the consequence of mold-metal interface interaction. This article discusses the classification of the mold-metal interaction based on severity: mild mold-metal interaction and severe mold-metal interaction. The casting surface exhibits some roughness, which depends on the molding materials used in the casting process. The article describes the effects of the casting skin in spheroidal graphite (SG) and compact graphite (CG) irons, as well as the mechanism of casting skin formation. It discusses the physics of liquid metal penetration in sand molds and concludes with information on the effect of sand additives and mold coatings.

This article discusses the types and operations of the most common machines used for die threading. The construction, types, and comparison of solid and self-opening dies are discussed. The article explains the modification of chasers for threading Monel shaft. The principal factors that influence thread quality, production rate, and cost in die threading are composition and hardness of work metal; accuracy and finish; thread size; obstacles, such as shoulders or steps; speed; lead control; and cutting fluid. The article examines these factors and describes the tools and cutting fluids used for pipe threading along with the severity of stop lines.

This article discusses the factors influencing cast iron machining and selection of cutting fluid and cutting tool materials. It presents a comparison of machinability of different types of cast iron, namely, gray cast iron, ductile cast iron, and malleable cast iron. In addition, the article provides an overview of different methods used in the machining of cast iron, namely, turning, boring, broaching, planing and shaping, drilling, reaming, counterboring and spotfacing, tapping, milling, grinding, and honing and lapping. Nominal speeds and feeds for the machining of cast iron with single-point and box tools, ceramic tools, high-speed steel, and carbide tools are also tabulated.

Planing is a machining process for removing metal from surfaces in horizontal, vertical, or angular planes. This article discusses the process capabilities of planing and the operations of double-housing and open-side planers. It reviews workpiece setup procedures, including platelike workpieces, irregularly shaped workpieces, and workpieces used for tandem planning. The article provides information on the applications of high-speed steels and carbides in planer tools. It analyzes the tools available in a variety of configurations suited to the undercutting, slotting, and straight planing of either horizontal or vertical surfaces. These include carbide roughing, finishing, gooseneck-holder finishing, and double-cutting tools. The article lists recommended speeds and feeds for planing with high-speed steel or carbide tools. It concludes with a comparison of planing with sawing and milling.

This article describes the methods for determining the flow rate of metal powders. It examines the factors affecting flow rate, apparent density, and angle of repose of metal powders. The article reviews the frictional properties, cohesive strength, frictional properties, tap density, and compressibility of metal powders. It explains the mechanisms of powder segregation. The article provides information on green strength and springback value of rectangular test bar. It concludes with a discussion on the chemical composition of metal powders.

Recovery, recrystallization, and grain growth are the stages that a cold worked metal undergoes when it is annealed. This article describes the changes in the structure and properties that occur on annealing a cold-worked metal. It summarizes the experimental recrystallization studies by Burke and Turnbull with six laws of recrystallization. Applications of these laws of recrystallization are discussed in detail with examples. The article reviews the classification of grain growth according to the growth behavior of grains, namely, normal or continuous grain growth and abnormal or discontinuous grain growth. The latter has also been termed exaggerated grain growth, coarsening, or secondary recrystallization.