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aircraft accident investigation

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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006821
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... investigations and inspections and emphasizes cases where metallurgical or materials contributions were causal to an accident event. The article highlights how the failure of a component or system can affect the associated systems and the overall aircraft. The case studies in this article provide examples...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006772
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... using the model may directly or indirectly give insight to the cause of an accident. Accident Reconstruction The term accident reconstruction has traditionally been used to describe the investigation and analysis of motor vehicle and aircraft accidents. However, the term is also being used more...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003523
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... to describe the investigation and analysis of motor vehicle and aircraft accidents. However, the term is also being used more often to describe the investigation and analysis of any unexpected event that causes loss or injury. Accident reconstruction is rarely a simple endeavor, and accident...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0006844
EISBN: 978-1-62708-387-4
... found itself employed in almost every possible job an aircraft can perform. One such task is aerial firefighting, which is a particularly hazardous mission that tragically sees the loss of several aircraft every fire season. Important to the investigation of any C-130 accident is the fact...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0006848
EISBN: 978-1-62708-387-4
.... , A Survey of Serious Aircraft Accidents Involving Fatigue Fracture , Int. J. Fatigue , Vol 6 (No. 1 ), 1984 , p 25 – 30 10.1016/0142-1123(84)90005-7 4. Wanhill R.J.H. , Some Notable Aircraft Service Failures Investigated by the National Aerospace Laboratory (NLR) , Struct. Integ. Life...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006802
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... takeoffs. The Columbia Accident Investigations Board concluded that organizational issues contributed to the fatal incident. The panel made specific recommendations (such as better preflight inspection routines) to improve the safety of future shuttle flights. Overview of the Design Process...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0006843
EISBN: 978-1-62708-387-4
..., such as aircraft safety-of-flight investigations, a replica of the fracture is often acquired from the component, so that microfractography on the replica can be conducted in parallel with other work, such as three-dimensional analysis of the component. The reader is referred to the literature for such methods...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002392
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... design was not always readily understood. During the 1950s, the loss of several Comet aircraft within a short period of time prompted an investigation into the structural integrity of the Comet's fuselage. A pressurization test on a sample aircraft revealed that the combination of fatigue and stress...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003512
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... and inspection of tanks, aircraft, and pressure vessels are mandatory. Extreme care during maintenance and the inspection following maintenance must be taken to ensure that proper procedures and techniques are rigorously followed. Role of the Failure Investigator The typical role of the failure...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003502
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... maintenance leading to premature wear of components was claimed. A detailed investigation revealed that the door closer was not working properly at the time of the accident, allowing the door to swing freely in either direction. In addition, the door had a specially designed hinge system to facilitate...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002393
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... undertaken and precipitated investigations into the history of USAF accidents related to fatigue. These investigations culminated in a complete change in design criteria for USAF aircraft. Many of the design specifications were changed and others were introduced. The most important document to come out...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002394
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... of pressure vessels) and the F-111 aircraft accident. Fracture Mechanics as a Design Tool in the Space Program In 1965, Tiffany and Masters wrote an article ( Ref 33 ) that was instrumental in promoting the use of fracture mechanics as a technique that would be useful in aircraft design. This article...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004128
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... true for tension-dominated loading spectra. In a different study, an evaluation of the effects of exfoliation of the 7075-T6 upper wing skin of the C141 aircraft showed that the fatigue lives decreased with increase of exfoliation depth ( Ref 36 ). In investigating the effects of corrosion of lap...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006815
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
..., organizational factors, and (perhaps) additional physical factors. The engineering design process is significant in root-cause failure analysis because it contains the original contributing factors that led to the design that was produced and failed. By investigating not only the failed component or system...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003573
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... in design computations. The reason for using such low fractions of yield (or ultimate) strength is to allow for such factors as possible errors in computational assumptions, accidental overload, introduction of residual stress during processing, temperature effects, variations in material quality (including...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006817
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... and the Douglas DC-8, into passenger service. Industry-wide safety statistics began to be published in 1959, and they were troubling. If the jet airliners were flying at today’s operating tempos, they would have an accident roughly every day. (In commercial aviation statistics, accident is defined...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003706
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... of a countersunk fastener relative to a rivet or hole edge. Centerline is the center between two fasteners that aligned perpendicular to the applied in-plane hoop stress direction. Multisite Damage Since the Aloha Airlines B-737 accident in 1988, a paradigm shift in the aircraft structural integrity...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006797
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... for such factors as possible errors in computational assumptions, accidental overload, introduction of residual stress during processing, temperature effects, variations in material quality (including imperfections), degradation (for example, from corrosion), and inadvertent local increases in applied stress...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003524
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
.... For example, an investigation of an aircraft accident involves the development of a considerable inventory, including listing the number of engines, flaps, landing gear, and the various parts of the fuselage and wings. It is essential to establish whether all the primary parts of the aircraft were aboard...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002356
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... for safety regulations to protect society against fatal accidents. The economic and social impact of fatigue failures will not be discussed here, but designing against fatigue obviously is a matter of concern. It encompasses various design options, and needless to say, experience and engineering judgment...