Fig. 8 Fuel pump that failed by vibration and abrasion. (a) Configuration and dimensions (given in inches). (b) Splines on the drive shaft and in the impeller were worn away by vibration in the presence of sand and metallic particles. Detail A: Enlarged view of failure area showing worn More

Fig. 10 Sliding bearings damaged by abrasion by foreign particles. (a) Unetched specimen showing a large foreign particle (arrow) at the interface of a bearing and shaft. 110×. (b) Bearing surface scored by metal chips More

Fig. 6 Effect of nominal contact stress on relative abrasion rating of metallic wear materials. QT, quenched and tempered. Source: Ref 5 More

Fig. 9 Abrasion resistance versus hardness for various material types in high-stress pin abrasion tests (silicon carbide abrasive). Source: Ref 6 More

Fig. 12 Effect of microstructure and hardness on the abrasion resistance of steels: high-stress abrasion, alumina abrasive. Source: Ref 7 More

Fig. 8 Erosion-corrosion of an abrasion-resistant iron pump runner used to pump 30% iron tailings in a fluid with a pH of 11.2. This runner had a service life of approximately 3 months. Note that most of the damage is on the outer peripheral area of the runner where fluid velocity More

Fig. 1 Wear resistance of pure metals and steel in two-body abrasion. Source: Ref 5 More

Fig. 15 Contours at the plastic/metal interface following abrasion. (a) Annealed low-carbon steel (130 HV) mounted in Formvar plastic; abraded as indicated. (b) Annealed low-carbon steel (130 HV) mounted in phenolic plastic; abraded as indicated. (c) Chromium mounted in plastics indicated More

Fig. 1 ASTM G105 high stress abrasion test More

Fig. 2 ASTM G65 low stress abrasion test More

Fig. 12 Spray cladding for abrasion resistance of piston-ring groove. HVOF, high-velocity oxyfuel More

Fig. 8 Low-stress abrasion test data for tungsten-carbide-base overlays, deposited using plasma-transferred arc welding (PTAW) and gas metal arc welding (GMAW). The coupons underwent the modified version of the ASTM G65 standard, whereby two tests are conducted on the same sample. Courtesy More

Fig. 11 Wear scar of tungsten carbide metal-matrix composite produced by abrasion testing with a high-contact stress. The tungsten carbide particles were subject to significant fracturing. Original magnification: 700×. Courtesy of Alberta Innovates—Technology Futures More

Fig. 33 Microstructures of nickel-chromium abrasion-resistant white irons. (a) With 1.4–4% Cr, martensitic matrix forms. (b) With 7–11% Cr, discontinuous eutectic carbides form. Magnification: 340×. Source: Ref 29 More

Fig. 11 Scratches in a nitrocellulose coating on aluminum induced by light abrasion. Hills and valleys in the foil are induced by a diamond-imprint gravure roll that applies the nitrocellulose as a lacquer. Scanning electron microscopy. 200× More

Fig. 8 Effects of abrasion on flake graphite in gray iron. (a) Results of abrading on 220-grit silicon carbide paper. (b) Results of abrading on 600-grit silicon carbide paper. (c) Results of abrading on a fine fixed-abrasive lap. See also the taper section in Fig. 9 . As-polished. 500× More

Fig. 30 Comparison of the abrasion rates obtained by manual and semiautomatic elastically hard abrasive machining systems with an 18%Cr-8%Ni austenitic steel. The coating abrasives are as indicated in the figure. Other abrasive parameters are in the accompanying table. Source: Ref 1 , p 94 More

Fig. 31 Variation of abrasion rate with grade of abrasive paper for annealed 30% Zn brass. Source: Ref 1 , p 73 More

Fig. 8 Mild abrasion on a sun pinion from an early wind turbine. Source: Ref 1 More