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Nickel 270
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003775
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... provides information on etching and examines the microstructure of Nickel 200, Nickel 270, Duranickel 301, Monel 400, Monel R-405, Monel K-500, and other nickel alloys. Duranickel 301 metallographic specimen metallography microstructure Monel 400 Monel K-500 Monel R-405 nickel Nickel 200...
Abstract
This article explains how to prepare nickel-base alloys for metallographic examination and identifies related processing and imaging challenges. It describes sectioning, mounting, grinding, and polishing procedures along with alternative electropolishing processes. It also provides information on etching and examines the microstructure of Nickel 200, Nickel 270, Duranickel 301, Monel 400, Monel R-405, Monel K-500, and other nickel alloys.
Book: Surface Engineering
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001314
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... 201, Nickel 270, and Duranickel alloy 301 Nickel-copper alloys such as Monel alloys 400 and K-500 Nickel-chromium alloys such as Inconel alloys 600, 625, 718, and X-750 Nickel-iron-chromium alloys such as Incoloy alloys 800 and 825 All alloys within any one group have virtually...
Abstract
This article discusses the procedures used for pickling nickel and nickel alloys. Nickel alloys can be divided into four groups: high-nickel alloys, nickel-copper alloys, nickel-chromium alloys, and nickel-iron-chromium alloys. Alloys within each composition group that has similar surface conditions are pickled in the same solutions using the same procedures. The article discusses three different surface conditions for pickling these nickel alloys: bright annealed white surface requiring removal of tarnish by flash pickling; bright annealed oxidized surface requiring removal of a layer of reduced oxide, sometimes followed by a flash pickle to brighten; and black or dark-colored surface requiring removal of adherent oxide film or scale. The article also reviews specialized pickling operations of nickel alloys and various cleaning and finishing operations, including grinding, polishing, buffing, brushing, and blasting.
Book Chapter
Book: Corrosion: Materials
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13b.a0006543
EISBN: 978-1-62708-183-2
... Nickel 200 N02200 8.89 0.321 Nickel 270 N02270 8.89 0.321 Duranickel 301 N03301 8.26 0.298 Cast nickel … 8.34 0.301 Monel 400 N04400 8.80 0.318 “K” Monel … 8.47 0.306 “H” Monel (cast) … 8.5 0.31 “S” Monel (cast) … 8.36 0.302 Inconel 625 N06625 8.44 0.305...
Abstract
Density allows for the conversion of uniform corrosion rates from units of weight (or mass) loss per unit area per time to thickness per unit time. This article contains a table that lists the density of metals, such as aluminum, copper, iron, stainless steel, magnesium, and lead, and their alloys.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001072
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
... 222 99.0 min (b) 0.10 0.10 0.30 … 0.10 0.008 0.01–0.10 Mg, 0.005 Ti Nickel 270 99.9 min 0.01 0.05 0.003 0.02 0.005 0.003 0.005 Mg, 0.005 Ti Duranickel 301 93.00 min 0.25 0.60 0.50 0.30 1.00 0.01 4.00–4.75 Al, 0.25–1.00 Ti Nickel-copper alloys Alloys 400 63.0 min...
Abstract
Nickel in elemental form or alloyed with other metals and materials has made significant contributions to our present-day society and promises to continue to supply materials for a demanding future. This article provides a historical overview and physical metallurgy of nickel and nickel alloys. It lists and describes the compositions, mechanical and physical properties, and applications of commercial nickel and its alloys. The article briefly explains the forms of corrosion resulting from the exposure of nickel alloys to aqueous environments. It provides valuable information on the commercial forms of nickel alloys, namely, nickel-copper alloys, nickel-chromium and nickel-chromium-iron series, iron-nickel-chromium alloys, controlled-expansion alloys, nickel-iron low-expansion alloys, soft magnetic alloys, and welding alloys.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003147
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... 0.10 0.20 … 0.20 Mg Nickel 222 … 99.0 min (b) 0.10 0.10 0.30 … 0.10 0.008 0.01–0.10 Mg, 0.005 Ti Nickel 270 N02270 99.9 min 0.01 0.05 0.003 0.02 0.005 0.003 0.005 Mg, 0.005 Ti Nickel 290 N02290 bal 0.02 0.015 0.001 0.006 0.001 0.0008 0.001 Al, 0.001 Mg...
Abstract
Nickel and nickel-base alloys are vitally important to modern industry because of their ability to withstand a wide variety of severe operating conditions involving corrosive environments, high temperatures, high stresses, and combinations of these factors. This article discusses the mining and extraction of nickel and describes the uses of nickel. It discusses the categories of nickel-base alloys, including wrought corrosion-resistant alloys, cast corrosion-resistant alloys, heat-resistant alloys (superalloys), and special-purpose alloys. The article covers the corrosion resistance of nickel with the inclusion of varying alloying elements. It provides useful information on the behavior of nickel and nickel alloys in specific environments describes its corrosion resistance in certain acids, alkalis, and salts.
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003569
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... of the normalized erosion resistance of the test materials. Reference materials include aluminum alloy 1100-O, commercially pure annealed nickel (for example, Nickel 270), and type 316 stainless steel with a hardness of 150 to 175 HV. As mentioned, previously these materials are used also to calibrate the testing...
Abstract
This article considers two mechanisms of cavitation failure: those for ductile materials and those for brittle materials. It examines the different stages of cavitation erosion. The article explains various cavitation failures including cavitation in bearings, centrifugal pumps, and gearboxes. It provides information on the cavitation resistance of materials and other prevention parameters. The article describes two American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards for the evaluation of erosion and cavitation, namely, ASTM Standard G 32 and ASTM Standard G 73. It concludes with a discussion on correlations between laboratory results and service.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003669
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... erosion rate, and terminal erosion rate. Results for different materials can also be normalized by direct comparison to one of the designated reference materials: aluminum alloys 1100-0 or 6061-T6; annealed commercially pure 99.98% nickel (Nickel 270 used originally in the development of the standard may...
Abstract
Erosion, cavitation, and impingement are mechanically assisted forms of material degradation that often contribute to corrosive wear. This article identifies and describes several tests that are useful for ranking the service potential of candidate materials under such conditions. The tests, designed by ASTM as G32, G73, G75, and G76, define specimen preparation, test conditions, procedures, and data interpretation. The article examines the relative influence of various test parameters on the incubation and intensity of cavitation, including temperature, pressure, flow velocity, and vibration dynamics. It concludes with a discussion on data correlations and the relationship between laboratory results and service expectations.
Book: Surface Engineering
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001259
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... citrate; 35-40 g/L HCOOH; plus other organic additives ∼3.5 35 95 10–100 100–1000 … Pulsed current; alloys contained 1-60% Cr; hydrogen bromide optional additive 23 Chromium-nickel 270 g/L CrCl 3 ; 100 g/L NiCl 2 ; 30 g/L NH 4 Cl; 10 g/L boric acid; 1 g/L vanadium chloride 2.4 7–20 45–70...
Abstract
Chromium alloys yield alloy coatings with properties that range from completely satisfactory to marginally acceptable, depending on the end use. This article provides a detailed description of plating solutions and deposition conditions and rates of chromium-iron, chromium-nickel, and chromium-iron-nickel alloys.
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003247
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... Preparation Microexamination PREPARATION OF METALLOGRAPHIC SPECIMENS is divided into two classes of nickel alloys: alloys containing 96% or more nickel (Nickel 200, Nickel 270, and Duranickel 301) and nickel-copper alloys (Monel 400, Monel R-405, and Monel K-500). Techniques for nickel-base magnetic...
Abstract
This article describes the metallographic technique for nonferrous metals and special-purpose alloys. These include aluminum alloys, copper and copper alloys, lead and lead alloys, magnesium alloys, nickel and nickel alloys, magnetic alloys, tin and tin alloys, titanium and titanium alloys, refractory metals and alloys, zinc and zinc alloys, and wrought heat-resisting alloys. The preparation of specimens for metallographic technique includes operations such as sectioning, mounting, grinding, polishing, and etching of nonferrous metals and alloys. The article contains tables that list the etchants for macroscopic examination and microscopic examination of nonferrous metals and special-purpose alloys.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006616
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... applications up to 300 °C (575 °F). It was developed in the 1920s with the addition of nickel ( Table 1 ) to improve elevated-temperature properties of Al-Cu-Mg alloys. The development of the 2 x 18 series of alloys also recognized that iron was a useful alloying element and not just an impurity. Iron...
Abstract
This datasheet provides information on composition limits, key metallurgy, fabrication characteristics, processing effects on physical, tensile, and creep-rupture properties, and applications of Al-Cu-Mg-Ni alloys 2618 and 2618A. The influence of prolonged holding at elevated temperature on tensile properties and the influence of temperature on compressive yield strength of alloy 2618-T61 hand-forged billets are illustrated.
Book Chapter
Book: Machining
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 16
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1989
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v16.a0002183
EISBN: 978-1-62708-188-7
..., counterboring and spotfacing, tapping and thread milling, milling, sawing, and grinding are discussed. Nominal compositions of wrought heat-resistant alloys and nickel-base heat-resistant casting alloys, as well as compositions of cobalt-base heat-resistant casting, iron-base heat-resistant casting...
Abstract
This article provides a discussion on cutting tools, their materials and design; cutting fluids; and various aspects of machining operations of heat-resistant alloys, with several examples. Operations such as turning, planing and shaping, broaching, drilling, reaming, counterboring and spotfacing, tapping and thread milling, milling, sawing, and grinding are discussed. Nominal compositions of wrought heat-resistant alloys and nickel-base heat-resistant casting alloys, as well as compositions of cobalt-base heat-resistant casting, iron-base heat-resistant casting, and mechanically alloyed (oxide dispersion strengthened) products are also listed.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 8
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v08.a0003331
EISBN: 978-1-62708-176-4
...; wrought, heat treated 1896 275 414 60 Rhenium 1862 270 … … Ultrahigh strength steels; wrought, heat treated 1862 270 1172 170 Stainless steels, age hardenable; wrought, aged 1634 237 724 105 Nickel and its alloys 1586 230 69 10 Stainless steels, specialty grades; wrought...
Abstract
This article is a comprehensive collection of tables that list the values for hardness of plastics, rubber, elastomers, and metals. The tables also list the tensile yield strength and tensile modulus of metals and plastics at room temperature. A comparison of various engineering materials, on the basis of tensile strength, is also provided.
Book: Surface Engineering
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001247
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... brightener. Many organic brighteners are available as proprietary materials. When these are used, manufacturers' recommendations regarding amounts and other conditions of use should be followed. Another method of brightening consists of the use of trace quantities of metallic nickel, cobalt, molybdenum...
Abstract
Electrodeposits of cadmium are used to protect steel and cast iron against corrosion. This article provides an overview of the surface preparation of, and brighteners used in, cyanide baths. It focuses on the anode system, current density, deposition rates, and bath temperature of cadmium plating with attention to the materials of construction and equipment used. The article provides a description of the selection of plating method with examples, applications, and several postplating processes of cadmium plating.
Book Chapter
Book: Alloy Phase Diagrams
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 27 April 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v03.a0006200
EISBN: 978-1-62708-163-4
... Diagrams .” “Nb-Ru (Niobium - Ruthenium)” in the article “Nb (Niobium) Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams .” “Ni-Ru (Nickel - Ruthenium)” in the article “Ni (Nickel) Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams .” “P-Ru (Phosphorus - Ruthenium)” in the article “P (Phosphorous) Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams...
Abstract
This article is a compilation of binary alloy phase diagrams for which ruthenium (Ru) is the first named element in the binary pair. The diagrams are presented with element compositions in weight percent. The atomic percent compositions are given in a secondary scale. For each binary system, a table of crystallographic data is provided that includes the composition, Pearson symbol, space group, and prototype for each phase.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003113
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... such as inclusions. Hardenability Nickel and molybdenum have the advantage that their oxides are reduced at conventional sintering temperatures. Alloy design is therefore a compromise, and the majority of atomized prealloyed powders in commercial use are nickel/molybdenum-base, with manganese present...
Abstract
This article discusses the production of low-alloy steel parts by powder forging, focusing on the material considerations, such as hardenability and inclusion assessment; and process considerations, including sintering and reheating, metal flow, and secondary operations. It presents the mechanical property data for copper and graphite powders mixed with an iron powder base to produce materials that generally contain 2″ Cu, including tensile, impact, and fatigue properties. Heat treatment procedures used in developing the properties of the prealloyed powder forged materials are also covered. Finally, the article describes the process steps and cost considerations in metal injection molding (MIM) and tabulates the composition, and mechanical properties of MIM low-alloy steels.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005107
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
... the cutting path. In addition to applications in the machining of superalloys; armor plate; titanium; and high-nickel, -chromium, and -molybdenum alloys, abrasive waterjet machining can also be used to cut concrete, rock, glass, ceramics, composites, and plastics. The ability of the abrasive waterjet...
Abstract
This article provides a detailed account of the process development, cutting principle, and components of the abrasive waterjet cutting process. The advantages of abrasive waterjet machining are summarized. The article also discusses the factors affecting the cut quality, and the applications and limitations of abrasive waterjet cutting.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006259
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
..., and International Platinum Group Metals Association, www.pgmdatabase.com • Vines R.F. , The Platinum Metals and Their Alloys , Wise E.M. , Ed., The International Nickel Company, Inc. , 1941 Gold Silver Platinum Palladium Rhodium Iridium Ruthenium Osmium...
Abstract
This article describes the annealing behavior of precious metals, namely, gold, silver, platinum, palladium, iridium, rhodium, ruthenium, and osmium. It discusses the annealing practices and their effect on the basic properties of common precious metal alloys. The article presents the typical properties and compositions of silver-copper alloys and gold jewelry alloys such as colored gold alloys and white gold alloys.
Book: Machining
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 16
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1989
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v16.a0002180
EISBN: 978-1-62708-188-7
... been more recently introduced. The ELI ferritic alloys usually contain higher chromium, along with molybdenum and sometimes nickel. The more highly alloyed ones are often limited to thin sections because of toughness restrictions. Martensitic Stainless Steels Martensitic stainless steels have...
Abstract
The machinability of stainless steels varies from low to very high, depending on the final choice of the alloy. This article discusses general material and machining characteristics of stainless steel. It briefly describes the classes of stainless steel, such as ferritic, martensitic, austenitic, duplex, and precipitation-hardenable alloys. The article examines the role of additives, such as sulfur, selenium, tellurium, lead, bismuth, and certain oxides, in improving machining performance. It provides ways to minimize difficulties involved in the traditional machining of stainless steels. The article describes turning, drilling, tapping, milling, broaching, reaming, and grinding operations on stainless steel. It concludes with information on some of the nontraditional machining techniques, including abrasive jet machining, abrasive waterjet machining electrochemical machining, electron beam machining, and plasma arc machining.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003093
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... alloying or residual. For example, some nickel or chromium could come into steel through alloy steel scrap and so be considered residual; however, if either of these elements must be added to a steel to meet the desired composition range it might be considered an alloying element. Both alloying...
Abstract
The properties of carbon and alloy steels are dependent on the relationships between chemical composition, processing, and microstructure. This article discusses the effects of alloying and residual elements on the mechanical properties of carbon and alloy steels. Tables listing values for the mechanical properties of selected carbon and alloy steels in the hot-rolled, normalized, annealed, and quenched-and tempered condition are provided.
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003166
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... cracking. Uranium and dilute uranium alloys are highly susceptible to oxidation and corrosion. Protective coatings, such as electroplated nickel or ion-plated aluminum, are frequently applied to minimize such environmental effects. More concentrated alloys, such as U-6Nb and U-10Mo, are more resistant...
Abstract
Very high density materials are used for such applications as counterweights and radiation shields. This article focuses on the metallurgy, processing, properties, fabrication, design considerations, health and safety considerations, and applications of the most commonly used very high density materials: depleted uranium and tungsten and their alloys.