Fig. 19 Discoloration or gradual decrease in color of paint when exposed to sunlight/weather. May be accompanied by loss of gloss. In some situations, it may resemble chalking but without the powdery surface. Fading tends to accelerate in the presence of moisture. More

Fig. 22 Discoloration, detachment and/or blistering, and general degradation of a paint film More

Fig. 39 Discoloration of a coating system More

Fig. 5 Grenade body showing discoloration of copper rotating bands resulting from exposure to trapped machining lubricant. Source: Ref 4 More

Fig. 47 Occasional premature discoloration was noted on polished and coated steel indoor furniture, which worsened over several weeks with threadlike features (filiform corrosion). The polished carbon steel sections were absent of visual blemishes prior to coating with a clear lacquer More

Fig. 7 Black arrows indicate galling damage. Note the fretting discoloration at right and left More

Fig. 20 Bungee cord strands at failure showing broken appearance and discoloration of the strands. Original magnification: 7.35× More

Fig. 7 Discolored (pink) and shiny crystalline appearance of the tip of the fracture surface. Original magnification: 37.4× More

Fig. 933 Views of (at top) fracture surfaces of the lower lug in Fig. 930 and 931 and of (at bottom) the mating surfaces of the yoke. Note discolored quadrant at top left corner of the bore of the lug (see also Fig. 934 ) and corresponding area in yoke fracture adjacent to bottom left More

Fig. 94 Subsurface fatigue fracture surface initiating from field side of rail head. No discoloration indicates the crack was not open to the atmosphere More

Fig. 17 Micrograph showing cracking on the failed housing boss. A localized zone of mud cracking and discoloration characteristic of molecular degradation is present. More

Fig. 37 Thermogravimetric analysis weight-loss profile comparison showing a reduction in the thermal stability of the discolored surface material relative to the base material More

Fig. 12 Thermogravimetric analysis weight-loss profile comparison showing a reduction in thermal stability of the discolored surface material relative to the base material. Courtesy of Element New Berlin More

Fig. 36 Fourier transform infrared spectral comparison showing absorption bands associated with hydrolysis at 3350 cm −1 and oxidation at 1720 cm −1 in the results obtained on the discolored surface More

Fig. 11 Fourier transform infrared spectral comparison showing absorption bands associated with hydrolysis at 3350 cm −1 and oxidation at 1720 cm −1 in the results obtained on the discolored surface. Courtesy of Element New Berlin More

Fig. 41 Retrieved Co-Cr-Mo modular head that had sat on a Ti-6Al-4V stem. Note the dark and discolored region inside the taper recess and the signs of etching. See the article “Mechanically Assisted Corrosion of Metallic Biomaterials” in this Volume. More

Fig. 4 Staining of a paint film by diffusion of a soluble colored substance from the underlying paint to give undesirable discoloration or staining. Often seen where bituminous- or tar-based products are overcoated with topcoats in which the tar or bitumen is soluble. Also occurs with emulsion More

Fig. 25 Failure of tension springs ( example 11 ). (a) Spring fracture surface showing the presence of a discolored precrack region. 3×. (b) Cross section through the precracked region of the spring revealing a thick scale (vertical surface) on the fracture surface. 2% nital etch. 148× More

Fig. 21 Failure of tension springs (Example 11). (a) Spring fracture surface showing the presence of a discolored precrack region. Original magnification: 3×. (b) Cross section through the precracked region of the spring revealing a thick scale (vertical surface) on the fracture surface. 2 More

temperature ue to an inappropriately tightened electrical connection (loose bolt) between a cable and a bus work. (b) Discoloration of the overheated bolt More