Fig. 41 (a) Initial temperature field after an air cooling from 1080 to 880 °C; (b) comparison of the predicted inner and outer diameters with experimental results( Ref 85 ). More

Fig. 4 Isothermal transformation diagram for 1080 steel containing 0.79 wt% C and 0.76 wt% Mn. Specimens were austenitized at 900 °C (1650 °F) and had an austenitic grain size of ASTM No. 6. The M s , M 50 , and M 90 temperatures are estimated. Source: Ref 1 More

Fig. 3 Transformation characteristics of (a) 1080, (b) 5140, (c) 1034, and (d) 9261 steels More

Fig. 13 Time-temperature-transformation diagram for 1080 steel showing difference between conventional and modified austempering. When applied to wire, the modification shown is known as patenting. More

Fig. 18 Effect of heating rate on Ac 1 and Ac 3 temperatures for annealed 1080 steel. Source: Ref 4 More

Fig. 16 Isothermal transformation diagram for 1080 steel containing 0.79% C and 0.76% Mn. Austenitized at 900 °C (1650 °F); ASTM grain size No. 6. Source: Ref 23 More

Fig. 17 Hardness data for 1030, 1050, and 1080 plain carbon steels plotted in terms of the Grange-Baughman tempering parameter. Source: Ref 3 , 8 More

Fig. 40 Isothermal transformation diagram of 1080 steel (0.79 wt% C, 0.76 wt% Mn). Austenitized at 900 °C (1650 °F); ASTM grain size No. 6. Source: Ref 18 More

Fig. 5 Hardenability curves for F-0008 compared with wrought 1080 steel. The wrought alloy has higher manganese content. Plus signs indicate the depth at which at least 50% martensite is observed in the microstructure. Source: Ref 4 More

Fig. 13 Time-temperature transformation diagram for 1080 steel, showing difference between conventional and modified austempering. When applied to wire, the modification shown is known as patenting. More

Fig. 46 Brazing of titanium to aluminum at 580 °C (1080 °F) using bimetal filler metal containing copper foil 17 μm thick and Al-2.5Mg foil 50 μm thick (TiBrazeAl-665). Original magnification: 50× More

Fig. 54 Microstructure of as-rolled alloy 330 solution annealed at 1080 °C (1975 °F), electrolytically etched using 10% oxalic acid at 6 V dc for 10 s and viewed using (a) bright field, (b) dark field, and (c) Nomarski DIC. All imaging modes reveal grain structure, but dark field has More

°C (2200 °F) Nimonic 80A Air cooled from 1080 °C (1975 °F), reheated to 704 °C (1300 °F), air cooled Inconel “X” Air cooled from 1150 °C (2100 °F), reheated to 845 °C (1550 °F), air cooled, reheated to 704 °C (1300 °F), air cooled Inconel 700 Air cooled from 1180 °C (2160 °F), reheated More

Fig. 40 Austenitic grain structure in alloy 330 revealed using 10% oxalic acid (6 V dc, 10 s) for specimens solution annealed at: (a) 996 °C (1825 °F), (b) 1024 °C (1875 °F), (c) 1038 °C (1900 °F), (d) 1052 °C (1925 °F), (e) 1066 °C (1950 °F), and (f) 1080 °C (1975 °F). Note that only More

Fig. 27 Astroloy forging solution annealed at 1150 °C (2100 °F) for 4 h, air cooled, aged at 1080 °C (1975 °F) for 4 h, oil quenched, aged at 845 °C (1550 °F) for 4 h, air cooled, aged at 760 °C (1400 °F) for 16 h, air cooled. (a) MC carbides that have precipitated at grain boundaries More

Fig. 29 Astroloy forging, solution annealed 4 h at 1150 °C (2100 °F), air cooled, aged 4 h at 1080 °C (1975 °F), oil quenched, aged 4 h at 845 °C (1550 °F), air cooled, aged 16 h at 760 °C (1400 °F), and air cooled. (a) Kalling's reagent 2. Original magnification 100×. (b) Higher magnification More

Fig. 8 (a) Dilation and (b) mutual inductance ( M ) at 10 kHz during heating and cooling for 1080 steel More

Fig. 16 The severity ( H ) of quench varies with temperature and size of the cylinders for plain carbon 1080 steel. Source: Ref 19 More

Fig. 11 Free copper in a PM copper steel (FC-0508) that has not reached a temperature of 1080 °C (1980 °F) during sintering More

Fig. 47 Hardness profiles in transverse sections of an AISI-9310 carburized part and an AISI-1080 induction-hardened part (depth to core is normalized) More