Fig. 87 Quenched Microstructures of 12Cr steel air cooled from (a) 1050 and (b) 1150 °C (1920 and 2100 °F) austenitizing temperatures, respectively. Each 10 mm (0.4 in.) cube specimen was maintained for 10 min at temperature. The A 1 transformation temperature is about 800 °C and the eutectic More

Fig. 5 Effect of manganese on isothermal transformation. (a) 1050 steel (0.50 C and 0.91 Mn) austenitized at 910 °C (1670 °F) with grain size of 7–8. (b) 1055 steel with 0.54 C and lower manganese (0.46 Mn) austenitized at 910 °C (1670 °F) with grain size of 7–8. Source: Ref 11 More

Fig. 7 Continuous cooling diagrams of two medium-carbon steels (1035 and 1050) and two high-carbon steels (1075 and 1095). Steel details: (a) 1035 (0.38 C, 0.20 Si, 0.70 Mn, 0.20 P, 0.20 S) austenitized at 860 °C (1580 °F) with grain size of 8–10; (b) (0.51 C, 0.75 Si, 0.30 Mn, 0.20 P, 0.20 S More

Fig. 12 Simulated residual stress profiles. T max = 1050 °C (1920 °F); heating rate indicated by broken line, 200 °C/s (390 °F/s); heating rate indicated by solid line, 800 °C/s (1470 °F/s); cooling rate, 1500 °C/s (2730 °F/s). Source: Ref 33 More

Fig. 17 Hardness data for 1030, 1050, and 1080 plain carbon steels plotted in terms of the Grange-Baughman tempering parameter. Source: Ref 3 , 8 More

Fig. 20 Micrographs showing the cross-section of the drilled hole of the Al 1050 alloy 0.2 mm sheet: a) pulse frequency 4 Hz and duration time 2 ms, b) pulse frequency 12 Hz and duration time 2 ms, c) pulse frequency 8 Hz and duration time 1 ms, d) pulse frequency 12 Hz and duration time 1 ms More

Fig. 10 Constitutive relation of flow stress of alloy 1050 versus Zener-Hollomon equation, with Q = 144.8 kJ/mol. Test strain rates ranged from 10 −2 to 20 s −1 . Source: Ref 10 More

Fig. 15 Same steel as in Fig. 14 re-solution annealed at 1050 °C (1920 °F) and water quenched. The phosphide eutectic dissolved into the austenite matrix, but left behind intergranular cavities and voids. Charpy toughness improved to 137 J (101 ft · lbf). Secondary electron image by scanning More

Fig. 6 Fatigue-fracture surface of an AISI 1050 shaft (35 HRC) subjected to rotating bending. Numerous ratchet marks (small shiny areas at surface) indicate that fatigue cracks were initiated at many locations along a sharp snap-ring groove. The eccentric pattern of oval beachmarks indicates More

Fig. 7 Effect of tempering temperature on room-temperature hardness of 1050 steel More

Fig. 9 Wear rate of the slider pin versus applied load for AISI 1050 steel heat treated to three Vickers hardness (HV) levels. The distinctness of the transitions diminished as hardness was increased by heat treatment. Source: Ref 1 , 16 More

Fig. 21 Constitutive equation and flow-stress data for alloy 1050. The dashed line represents the Zener-Hollomon equation with the following parameters: C =0.543 MPa (0.079 ksi), m =0.16, Δ H =144.8 kJ/mol. Test strain rates ranged from 10 −2 to 20 s −1 . Source: Ref 40 , 42 More

Fig. 48 Effect of carbon and manganese on end-quench hardenability of 1050 steel. The steels with 1.29 and 1.27% Mn contained 0.06% residual chromium. Steels with 1.07 and 1.04% Mn contained 0.06 and 0.08% residual chromium, respectively. No other residual elements were reported. More

Fig. 2 Cyclic oxidation exposure coupons after 1050 cycles (unless otherwise noted) at 900 °C (1650 °F). Each cycle: 25 min heat exposure and 5 min cooling More

Fig. 9 Calculated concentration profile obtained for carbon after 10 h at 1050, 1000, 950, and 900 °C (1920, 1830, 1740, and 1650 °F). Source: Ref 45 More

Fig. 10 Calculated mole fractions of M 23 C 6 carbide formed after 10 h at 1050, 1000, 950, and 900 °C (1920, 1830, 1740, and 1650 °F). Source: Ref 45 More

Fig. 17 Ammunition-belt link made of AISI 1050 carbon steel joined by four projection welds that were inspected using acoustic emission monitoring during proof testing in the fixture shown. Dimensions given in inches. Source: Ref 51 More

Fig. 20 Oriented coalescence of the γ′ phase in CMSX-2 after 20 h of creep at 1050 °C (1920 °F) under 120 MPa (17.4 ksi). Tensile stress axis is [001]. Source: Ref 29 More

Fig. 2 Effect of carbon and manganese on end-quench hardenability of 1050 steel. The steels with 1.29 and 1.27% manganese contained 0.06% residual chromium. Steels with 1.07 and 1.04% manganese contained 0.06 and 0.08% residual chromium, respectively. No other residual elements were reported. More

Fig. 17 111 pole figures for aluminum alloy 1050-O and 6022-T4 sheet samples. RD, rolling direction; TD, transverse direction. Source: Ref 177 More