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Book Chapter

By Debbie Aliya
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003518
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
.... It is more useful to view both the failure and the failure analysis as multilevel processes that can be explored in many useful ways. The physical failure—a fracture, an explosion, or component damaged by heat or corrosion—is the most obvious. However, there are always other levels of failures that allow...
Book Chapter

By Richard E. Fields
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003439
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... 2 ) has recently begun using the term “structural substantiation” to mean the generic process of validating the integrity of a structure, regardless of the agency in charge. Certification requirements exist in many other industries, although often under a different name and certainly...
Book Chapter

By Debbie Aliya
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006754
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... levels. In other words, a failure should not be viewed as a single event. It is more useful to view both the failure and the failure analysis as multilevel processes that can be explored in many useful ways. The physical failure—a fracture, an explosion, or a component damaged by heat or corrosion...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003224
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... involve loss of life, limb, and millions of dollars in property damage. Most metal failures can be adequately analyzed by the metallurgist. Others are more complex and require experts in other engineering disciplines. Sequence of Analysis The carpenter's adage “measure twice and cut once” could...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0006946
EISBN: 978-1-62708-387-4
.... Discontinuities The term discontinuities is used to describe a number of features that do not fit into other materials-related categories but still influence the performance of the component. Examples of typical discontinuities include laps, seams, porosity, cold shuts, hot tears, and so on. In most...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001308
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... be safely finished by wet barrel methods. Limitations imposed by workpiece size and shape are essentially the same as for steel and other metals. There are two general areas in which wet barrel finishing of aluminum parts is more critical than in processing similar parts made of steel. First...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003225
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... a pulsating or repeated tensile (or compressive) stress. Any other combination is known as a fluctuating stress. Stress Intensity The linear-elastic fracture-mechanics approach is based on an analytical procedure that relates the stress-field magnitude and distribution in the vicinity of a crack tip...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 09 June 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04c.a0005842
EISBN: 978-1-62708-167-2
..., profile inductors, and many other inductor styles ( Ref 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ). Induction coil failure is a complex subject, because often there is no single factor responsible for the failure but rather a combination of interrelated factors ( Ref 5 ). At the same time, a given type of induction coil may...
Book Chapter

By Debbie Aliya
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003529
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
.... This practice is in general based on ignorance of the principles of engineering, which require that a specific loss of functionality be linked to a specific deficiency in the component. On the other hand, lack of conformance to a particular requirement in no way automatically implies a cause of failure. Also...
Book Chapter

By Brett A. Miller
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003543
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
..., which may also occur when an overload failure is caused by a combination of ductile and brittle cracking mechanisms. This section only describes the general aspects of fracture mechanisms, as more details are described in other articles in this Volume. Distinguishing characteristics of brittle versus...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003508
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... life of cast components, but will give an unsatisfactory appearance or will make further processing, such as machining, more costly. Many such imperfections can be easily corrected by shotblast cleaning or grinding. Other imperfections or defects that can be more difficult to remove can...
Book Chapter

By Brett A. Miller
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006778
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
..., embrittlement, or other factors. However, the definition of overload failure is not uniformly agreed upon. Many engineers limit the definition of overload failures to those in which the applied stresses were higher than anticipated in design. This alternate viewpoint incorrectly presumes underdesign...
Book Chapter

By John K. Taylor, Byron Kratochvil
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0001727
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... and blanks will not be useful if the sample is invalid. Accordingly, sampling uncertainty is often treated separately from other uncertainties. For random errors, the overall standard deviation, s o , is related to the standard deviation for the sampling operations, s s , and to that for the remaining...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 23A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 12 September 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v23A.a0006908
EISBN: 978-1-62708-392-8
... the starting material physicochemical properties, engineering designs, 3D-printed processing and postprocessing steps, as well as understanding of their intricate relationship with the various biomechanical and biological properties of the engineered implants. Unlike many other nonmedical-type 3D-printed...
Book Chapter

By Brett A. Miller, Phillip Swartzentruber
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006810
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... are steel; however, many other materials are used in shaft applications. Moving shafts are often classified as either transmission shafts or machine shafts. Transmission shafts are generally cylindrical, and they transfer motion through attached componentry such as gears, pulleys, and so on. Machine...
Book Chapter

By Donald Wetzel
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001272
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
...” in this Volume. ASTM and other standards related to galvanized coatings are given in Table 1 . Standards relating to hot dip galvanized materials Table 1 Standards relating to hot dip galvanized materials ASTM A 123 Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002407
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... had no apparent effect on crack growth rates in D357-T6. Fracture toughness, on the other hand, was actually somewhat higher for the welded material. In general, welding produces a very fine microstructure in the fusion zone of Al-Si-Mg castings. It also tends to produce a distribution of very...
Book Chapter

By George M. Goodrich
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005324
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
..., as in Table 1 . The new designation relates to tensile strength, with SI being the primary units. ISO standard 1083 offers hardness classes (with an “HBW” suffix) in an annex applicable upon agreement of manufacturer and purchaser. The hardness values given in Table 1 are for information only. Other...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 09 June 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04c.a0005863
EISBN: 978-1-62708-167-2
... limited in this article. However, several other articles in this Volume cover more material related to certain aspects of induction hardening, including: Metallurgy of induction hardening Induction hardening of axle shafts Induction hardening of crankshafts and camshafts Induction hardening...
Book

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.9781627082006
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6