This article explains cooling mechanisms involving saltwater solutions used as quenchants. The analyses of cooling power include studies of cooling curves, heat-transfer coefficients, and cooling rates. The influence of other bath parameters, such as temperature and agitation, is also discussed. The article discusses solute additions and several factors impacting quenching.

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) provides an efficient, alternate, virtual approach for simulating and analyzing quenching processes with an impact on component design, manufacturing process, and quality. This article provides domain insights for quenching researchers and CFD practitioners for the modeling of the industrial quenching process and for supporting the diverse multifunctional needs in an industry, ranging from primary metallurgical companies (steel, aluminum, and other alloys), original equipment manufacturers, engineering companies, captive and commercial heat treating facilities, quench system manufacturers, and quench fluid suppliers. It describes the governing differential equations for the fluid flow and heat-transfer phenomena during quenching. The article also discusses different modeling categories to determine a CFD methodology for quenching.

This article presents the modes of heat transfer and the stages of cooling during quenching. It provides an overview on the wetting process and then focuses on the evaluation of heat transfer during quenching. It also presents the challenges of thermal process evaluation based on an inverse heat conduction analysis. The article contains a compilation of best practice examples on heat transfer evaluation, which are intended to represent the practical aspects and applicability of the methods aiming the prediction of heat-transfer coefficients.