Functional fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE) coatings are used as external pipe coatings, base layer for three-layer pipe-coating systems, internal pipe linings, and corrosion coatings for concrete reinforcing steel (rebar). This article provides information on the chemistries of FBE, and discusses the application procedures for internal and external FBE pipe coating. The procedures involve pipe inspection, surface preparation, heating, powder application, curing, cooling, coating inspection, and repairing. It describes the problems and solutions for FBE external pipe coatings, girth weld FBE application, FBE custom coatings, internal FBE pipe linings, and FBE rebar coatings.

Powder coatings are widely used by manufacturers as a finish of choice to enhance the appearance and performance of their products. This article begins with a discussion on advantages and disadvantages of powder coatings. It describes the selection of coating-types and uses of powder coatings in appliance industries, furniture industries, computer industries, fixture industries, architectural industries, automotive industries, agriculture and construction equipment industries, recreational equipment industries, and general industries. Powder coating formulations consist of binder systems, pigments, extenders, and additives. The basic process flow for the manufacture of powder coatings consists of premix, extrusion, grinding, and packing. The article also provides information on application of powder coatings, including pretreatment, deposition, and curing as well as on troubleshooting, trends and challenges for the powder coatings.

This article provides a discussion on polyester coating applications such as powder coatings, can coatings, and automotive paints. It includes an overview, structure, properties, and benefits of vinyl ester resins. The article discusses the additives for both unsaturated polyester and vinyl ester coatings, namely, curing systems, thixotropic agents and fillers. It exemplifies polyester and vinyl ester coating, lining and flooring systems that are used for top-to-bottom protection of industrial plants and equipment. The article also highlights the concerns to be addressed when using polyesters and vinyl esters.

This article provides background information on the chemistry, coating properties, resin types, applications techniques, and performance characteristics of fluoroethylene vinyl ether (FEVE) resins. It describes the formulation methods of FEVE resins, namely, solvent-based coating formulations, water-based coating formulations, and powder coating formulations. The basic concerns to be addressed when formulating and using FEVE coatings are also discussed. The article concludes with a section on health and related safety regulations.

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based coatings are typically used in outdoor applications that require exceptionally high performance and excellent long-term exterior durability with little maintenance. This article provides a background of three fluoropolymers most commonly used for coatings, namely, PVDF, polyvinyl fluoride, and polytetrafluoroethylene. It focuses on general properties, polymerization, resin types, coating formulation, technology of organic coatings, coating properties, and health and related safety considerations of PVDF. The article describes the application and typical end uses of PVDF-based coatings and the opportunities for improvement in PVDF-based coatings as with all organic coatings.

Metal powders are used as fuels in solid propellants, fillers in various materials, such as polymers or other binder systems, and for material substitution. They are also used in food enrichment, environmental remediation market, and magnetic, electrical, and medical application areas. This article reviews some of the diverse and emerging applications of ferrous and nonferrous powders. It also discusses the functions of copier powders and the processes used frequently for copier powder coating.

This article describes the protective coatings technology used in naval aircrafts. It reviews the future needs and trends of the protective coatings technology based on advancing technology, environmental concerns, and operational requirements. The article discusses the standard finishing systems for aircrafts: the surface pretreatment system, primer, topcoat, advanced-performance topcoat, self-priming topcoat, and specialty coatings. It presents safe compliant solutions to environmental problems associated with the protective coatings technology. These solutions include the use of environmental regulations and hazardous materials, nonchromated pretreatments, waterborne technology, high-solids technology, and touch-up paints. The article also deals with the use of electrodeposition coatings, powder coatings, adhesive films, paint application equipment, and non-chromated sealants in the protective coatings technology.

This article discusses coating products available for use in the aerospace industry that are compliant with regulations requiring reductions in emissions from organic solvents. The coating products addressed include primers, topcoats, and chemical milling maskants. It describes their characteristics and limitations compared to conventional noncompliant materials. The article addresses the methods and products commonly used achieve regulatory compliance: waterborne coatings, exempt-solvent-based coatings, high-solids coatings, powder coating, and electro-deposition.

Painting is a generic term for the application of a thin organic coating to the surface of a material for decorative, protective, or functional purposes. This article provides a detailed account of the types and selection factors of paints and the various application methods, including conventional air atomized, airless, and electrostatic spray; roller coating; dip coating; flow coating; curtain coating; tumble coating; electrocoating; and powder coating. Surface preparation methods and prepaint treatments for coating systems are also discussed. The article includes information on quality control procedures, causes of paint film defects, cost calculation, and safety and environmental precautions. The composition and characteristics of organic coatings, coating system selection factors, the types of paints for structural steel, and the applications of paint on structural steel are also reviewed.