Rolling-element bearings, also called rolling bearings and antifriction bearings, tend to have very low friction characteristics compared to plain bearings or simple sliding bearings. This article discusses the types of rolling-element bearings, namely, ball bearings and roller bearings. It provides information on the bearing component materials. The article describes the lubrication requirements and lubrication methods, namely, elastohydrodynamic lubrication and grease lubrication. It reviews the adjustment factors influencing fatigue life of the bearing. The article also provides information on bearing load ratings, standard bearing geometries, rolling bearing friction factors, and wear and its control methods. It concludes with a discussion on damage modes of bearings.

Contact fatigue is a surface-pitting-type failure commonly found in ball or roller bearings. This article discusses the mechanisms of contact fatigue found in gears, cams, valves, rails, and gear couplings. It discusses the statistical analysis of rolling contact bearing-life tests. The article concludes with information on various approaches that improve the contact fatigue resistance of rolling contact systems.