This article provides a brief historical perspective, a classification of metallurgical processes, basic model development efforts, and an overview of the potential future directions for the modeling of metals processing. It describes the classification of material behavior models, which can be grouped broadly into three classes: statistical, phenomenological, and mechanistic models. The article also presents an overview of the potential directions for the modeling of metals processing.

This article summarizes the general features of microstructure evolution during the thermomechanical processing (TMP) of nickel-base superalloys and the challenges posed by the modeling of such phenomena. It describes the fundamentals and implementations of various modeling methodologies. These include JMAK (Avrami) models, topological models, and mesoscale physics-based models.