Titanium has been recognized as an element with good mechanical and physical properties, alloying characteristics, and corrosion resistance. Providing an outline of general characteristics and types of titanium alloys, this Article discusses the contemporary technology of titanium along with its market developments. It also discusses the application of titanium and titanium alloys in corrosive environments and in aerospace and automotive industries. The Article describes the developments in titanium processing and materials technologies, which include the development of sponge production and melting processes, oxide dispersion-strengthened alloys by powder metallurgy techniques, titanium-base intermetallic compounds, and titanium-matrix composites.