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thermal spray equipment

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Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003570
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... Thermal Spray Repairs Thermal spraying, with its great compositional flexibility and minimal thermal effects on substrates, would seem to be an obvious candidate for repairing erosion damage. Those benefits notwithstanding, as-sprayed deposits have not been very successful in resisting liquid impact...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001043
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... steel in carbide microstructure and hardness (50 to 60 HRC). This produced a very brittle, undesirable material that would fracture under only minor loading conditions. The presence of thermal fatigue indications was evidence that improper atomization of the water spray had occurred. This resulted...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c9001536
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... Fatigue of a BWR Recirculation-Pump Shaft The thermal fatigue cracking of main coolant pump shafts has become a significant and recurrent problem in both BWR and PWR nuclear power plants. 8 , 12 These pumps circulate reactor coolant at temperatures of about 288 °C (550 °F) and are equipped...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006871
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... the good thermal conductivity can generate condensation on the sample surface in the device through cooling on the back. This type of wetting is less effective on substrates with poor thermal conductivity (plastics, wood). For these applications, samples are sprayed with purified water on the front surface...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003549
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... in the environment; change in the alloy or heat treatment; change in design; use of galvanic protection; use of inhibitors; use of nonmetallic coatings and liners; application of metallic coatings; use of surface treatments, thermal spray, or other surface modifications; corrosion monitoring; and preventive...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0001816
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... Abstract This article explains the main types and characteristic causes of failures in boilers and other equipment in stationary and marine power plants that use steam as the working fluid with examples. It focuses on the distinctive features of each type that enable the failure analyst...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006935
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... Compound Mat Molding Bulk Molding Compound High-Strength SMC Thermoset Stamping Injection Molding Reaction Injection Molding Resin Transfer Molding Z Molding Compound Hand Lay-Up Spray-Up Cold Press Molding High-Speed Resin Injection Filament Winding Size, Shape...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003555
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... in boilers are employing thicker tubes of the same material; shielding tubes with clamp-on protectors; coating with thermal sprayed, corrosion-resistant materials; blending coals to reduce corrosive ash constituents; replacing tubes with higher-grade alloys or coextruded tubing; lowering final steam outlet...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006909
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
.../S0950-0618(03)00041-2 13. Grammatikos S.A. , Jones R.G. , Evernden M. , and Correia J.R. , Thermal Cycling Effects on the Durability of a Pultruded GFRP Material for Off-Shore Civil Engineering Structures , Compos. Struct. , Vol 153 , 2016 , p 297 – 310 10.1016...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001358
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
...-washable red dye penetrant were poured inside the openings on each end. The diaphragms were completely filled with water, and all vane welds were covered; the outer sections of the diaphragms were kept dry. After a minimum of 8 h, developer was sprayed over the outer shrouds and at the vane-to-shroud...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006782
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... ). Such costs include the cost of corrosion-control methods, equipment, and services; cost of labor attributed to corrosion management; cost of using more expensive materials to lessen corrosion damage; and cost of lost revenue, loss of reliability, and loss of capital due to corrosion deterioration...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006925
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
...) Up to 5000 (725) Up to 350 (50) Young’s modulus, GPa (10 6 psi) 15–400 (2–58) 150–450 (22–65) 0.001–10 (0.00015–1.45) High-temperature creep resistance Poor to medium Excellent … Thermal expansion Medium to high Low to medium Very high Thermal conductivity Medium to high...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006812
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... demand periods only. The cyclic thermally induced stresses associated with frequent startups and shutdowns are often more severe than stresses of steady-state operations, and designers cannot always predict the fatigue of equipment that owner-operators impose. Economics frequently dictate that use...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006825
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... Abstract Failures in boilers and other equipment taking place in power plants that use steam as the working fluid are discussed in this article. The discussion is mainly concerned with failures in Rankine cycle systems that use fossil fuels as the primary heat source. The general procedure...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003510
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... one-dimensional heating or cooling can be estimated from ( Ref 6 ): (Eq 2) σ = E ⋅ ε = E ⋅ 1 3 ( Δ V / V ) = E ⋅ α ⋅ Δ T where σ is stress, ε is strain, E (modulus of elasticity) = 2 × 10 5 N/mm 2 , and α (coefficient of thermal expansion) = 1.2 × 10 −5...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c9001408
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... in temperature. The material was a steel in the normalized condition with a 0.35% C content. It appears probable that deficient lubrication of the gland resulted in overheating of the rod due to friction. The presence of a sprayed-metal coating was probably an additional factor in promoting failure, as it would...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006810
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... processing requirements should also be noted. Special processing or finishing treatments, such as shot peening, fillet rolling, burnishing, plating, thermal spraying, and painting, can influence performance, and the analyst should be aware of such treatments. Mechanical Conditions How a shaft...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.design.c9001578
EISBN: 978-1-62708-233-4
... Abstract Vibration analysis can be used in solving both rotating and nonrotating equipment problems. This paper presents case histories that, over a span of approximately 25 years, used vibration analysis to troubleshoot a wide range of problems. Current testing Fans Generators Motors...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006820
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... distortion caused by either the operating stresses or thermal differentials. Depending on the severity, it may be necessary to shim the reducer supports, and several trials may be needed. It is important to understand that there will always be some elastic deformation of the teeth. Therefore, what appears...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006933
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... identification, contamination, degradation, chemical contact Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Heat of fusion, melting point, glass transition temperature, heat capacity Material identification, level of crystallinity, aging/degradation, thermal history Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) Weight loss...