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tangential stress

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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 36 Maximum shear stress planes for radial and tangential stresses created by necking. Source: Ref 54 More
Image
Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 36 Maximum shear-stress planes for radial and tangential stresses created by necking. Source: Ref 55 More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001847
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... sleeve fatigue fracture insufficient nitriding tangential stress chromium steel axial cracks beach marks microstructural analysis nitriding depth 38CrMoAl (chromium-molybdenum-aluminum alloy steel) Background A bearing sleeve assembled with the locomotive turbocharger-main shaft...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001308
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
..., supporting carriages, and turntable rail Stresses in the rail result from the weight of the carriage, test section floor, and other elements, as well as from loads transferred from the model during testing. These stresses are typically small. However, large, residual, tangential stresses are believed...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.petrol.c9001235
EISBN: 978-1-62708-228-0
... times the operating pressure, without fracture initiation or observable elongation. Subsequently the water pressure was increased in steps of 5 at. Only at 155 at. corresponding to a tangential tensile stress of 34 kp/mm 2 , did the inner pressure drop significantly to 150 at. This value corresponds...
Image
Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 27 (a) Investigation of crack length extension under a partial slip condition as a function of the tangential force amplitude. Compressive residual stresses limit the crack propagation. (b) Investigation of wear volume extension under a gross slip condition as a function of the friction More
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003565
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... with the normal stress that is partly accommodated in the brittle fracture of the parent materials. The effect of normal stress on wear increases as the angle of contact increases. The second factor is related to the tangential stress and accelerates delamination of the protective surface film. The influence...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001079
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... 1960, and a central bore was required to remove unconsolidated and high-impurity segregated material from the center. This bore also facilitated ultrasonic inspection of the forging volume from the bore side for defects buried near it. Such rotors experience high centrifugal tangential stresses...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001305
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
.... The crack was 4.8 mm ( 3 16 in.) wide at the tread. The opening decreased linearly to only 1 mm (0.05 in.) at the hub bore. This degree of taper indicated that high tangential residual stresses were present in the rim at the time of failure. Testing Procedure and Results Surface Examination...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c0060104
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... the outer surface, frequently at pits, and penetrated the tube wall in a transgranular, branching fashion. The crack features were characteristic of chloride stress-corrosion cracking. In many cases, the cracking, rather than penetrating straight through the tube wall, veered off in a tangential direction...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006793
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... stress on wear increases as the angle of contact increases. The second factor is related to the tangential stress and accelerates delamination of the protective surface film. The influence of shear decreases as the angle (from 45 to 90°) of contact increases. A model illustrating the dependency of impact...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c9001602
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... of the stresses experienced by the columnar and equiaxial grains, respectively. In the case of the analyzed buckets, the principal stresses distributed according to this equation are the tangential stresses due to the shearing force F, which includes the action of the centrifugal force, gas flow...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.petrol.c9001148
EISBN: 978-1-62708-228-0
... For thin walled cylinders, the principal normal stress is the tangential stress, or hoop stress, which may be calculated using the relationship (Eq 1) σ 1 = Pr t where P is the operating pressure of the pipeline (approximately 560 psi or 3.9MPa for this pipeline at the time...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001421
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... that cracking was due to corrosion-fatigue, which arose from the combined effect of a fluctuating tensile stress in the presence of a mildly corrosive environment. Corrosion environments Magnetic particle testing Optical microscopy Steam pipes Tensile stress Weld metal Welded steel Joining-related...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003562
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... is termed fretting fatigue , or contact fatigue . Fatigue cracks also may initiate where the contacting surfaces are under a very heavy normal load or where there is a static tensile stress in one of the surfaces. There are cases where the movement is not simply tangential but is complicated by the normal...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006829
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... to determine C A is time-consuming and complicated and requires the stiffness estimation of the test apparatus (i.e., C A = 1/K A ). However, by plotting the (δ m − Q ) fretting loop ( Fig. 7 ), the tangential force amplitude, Q * , is determined, allowing the contact stress investigation to predict...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.steel.c9001231
EISBN: 978-1-62708-232-7
... is situated at a place normally not tensile stressed and can thus only have generated secondarily due to changed load conditions after the formation of the first incipient crack. The teeth showed many pits on the gear side where the fractures are located, too. However, the pittings were found only...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c9001470
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... of fatigue cracks. Failure of the one impeller and the cracking of the others were attributed to “low-cycle high-strain fatigue” due to fluctuating circumferential (hoop) stresses. Centrifgual pumps Impellers Stresses 2.5Ni-Cr-Mo Fatigue fracture One impeller of a two-stage centrifugal air...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001807
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... analyzed by combining the Hertz theory and the theory about stresses induced by tangential force acting on the contact patch under roll/slide contacts. Subsurface distributions of shear stresses used as critical stresses for rolling contact fatigue damage are all influenced by the variation of friction...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c9001724
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... compression, in both longitudinal and tangential directions. While much of this bi-axially stressed metal is removed in the final machining, the designer should realize that apparently similar end bells may have residual stresses at the surface of either compression or tension “of a magnitude likely...