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Lawrence Kashar
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Zoltán Major, Philipp S. Stelzer, Florian Kiehas
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S.S. Akhtar, A.F.M. Ari
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Book Chapter
Effect of Strain Rate on the Failure Mode of a Rear Axle
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001035
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... of the failed axle did not, at this juncture, rule out or support either of the accident causation scenarios. However, it did give rise to an additional experiment. It was hypothesized that the material in the core of the axle was strain-rate sensitive. If this was so, and the failure of the core occurred...
Abstract
Following an accident in which a light pickup truck left the road and overturned, one of the rear axles, made of approximately 0.30C steel, was found to be fractured adjacent to the bearing lock nut. A keyway was present in the failed area, as were threads for the lock nut. Fracture surfaces of the failed axle and exemplar fractures obtained from simulation tests were studied using scanning electron microscope. The examination showed that the outer perimeter fracture in the axle was very flat and composed of cleavage and that the interior portion was composed of both cleavage and dimples. No evidence of prior cracking was found. The exemplar specimens from the simulation impact testing failed in a manner consistent with that observed in the axle. The examination confirmed that the failure was a one-time impact overload fracture and not the result of any prior crack in the material, indicating that the axle failure did not initiate the accident.
Image
Published: 15 May 2022
Fig. 1 Stress-strain behavior of polycarbonate as a function of strain rate, ε ̇ , at 22.2 °C (72 °F). (Note: For small strains, extension, e , is approximately equal to engineering strain, ε.)
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Image
Published: 15 May 2022
Fig. 3 Stress-strain behavior of polyether-imide as a function of strain rate, ε ̇ , at 22.2 °C (72 °F). (Note: For small strains, extension, e , is approximately equal to engineering strain, ε.)
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Image
Change in behavior of a polymeric material with increasing strain rate and/...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2002
Fig. 18 Change in behavior of a polymeric material with increasing strain rate and/or decreasing temperature. (a) Brittle behavior. (b) Limited ductility behavior. (c) Cold drawing behavior. (d) Rubbery behavior. Curve (a) could represent testing below the glass transition temperature. Source
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Temperature dependence of the strain-rate sensitivity of pure aluminum and ...
Available to Purchase
in Mechanisms and Appearances of Ductile and Brittle Fracture in Metals
> Failure Analysis and Prevention
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 39 Temperature dependence of the strain-rate sensitivity of pure aluminum and alloy 2024. Note 2024-O becoming negative near room temperature. Source: Ref 63
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Image
Effect of strain rate on ductile-to-brittle transition temperature in body-...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2002
Fig. 15 Effect of strain rate on ductile-to-brittle transition temperature in body-centered cubic metals
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Graph of %RA/%RA(oil) vs. Nominal Strain Rate for the Tests Conducted in th...
Available to Purchase
in Stress Corrosion Cracking of 4340 Steel in Aircraft Ignition Starter Residues
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Air and Spacecraft
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 5 Graph of %RA/%RA(oil) vs. Nominal Strain Rate for the Tests Conducted in the Residue Paste.
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Results of the accelerated creep testing. The secondary strain rate is plot...
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in Oxidation Cracking and Residual Creep Life of an Incoloy 800H Bottom Manifold in a Steam Reformer at 800 °C
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Chemical Processing Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 7 Results of the accelerated creep testing. The secondary strain rate is plotted as a function of temperature.
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Image
Change in behavior of a polymeric material with increasing strain rate and/...
Available to PurchasePublished: 15 January 2021
Fig. 19 Change in behavior of a polymeric material with increasing strain rate and/or decreasing temperature. (a) Brittle behavior. (b) Limited ductility behavior. (c) Cold drawing behavior. (d) Rubbery behavior. Curve (a) could represent testing below the glass transition temperature. Source
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Image
Effect of temperature on strain-rate sensitivity of pure aluminum and alumi...
Available to Purchase
in Mechanisms and Appearances of Ductile and Brittle Fracture in Metals
> Failure Analysis and Prevention
Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 39 Effect of temperature on strain-rate sensitivity of pure aluminum and aluminum alloy 2024. Note 2024-O becoming negative near room temperature. Source: Ref 64
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Image
Effect of strain rate on ductile-to-brittle transition temperature in body-...
Available to PurchasePublished: 15 January 2021
Fig. 11 Effect of strain rate on ductile-to-brittle transition temperature in body-centered cubic metals
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Published: 15 May 2022
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Strain-rate and temperature dependence of yield strength for polyether-imid...
Available to PurchasePublished: 15 May 2022
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Strain-rate and temperature dependence of yield strength for polybutylene t...
Available to PurchasePublished: 15 May 2022
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in Superplastic HSLA Steels: Microstructure and Failure
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 5 Influence of strain rate on yield stress ( a ) and super-index m ( b ) in superplastic behavior at 800 °C
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Normal strain rate ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and stress-rupture stren...
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in Metallurgical Failure Analysis of a Propane Tank Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE)
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 13 Normal strain rate ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and stress-rupture strengths at various temperatures (as percentage of normal strain rate UTS at room temperature). (Data from Ref 1 and 14)
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Flow curves of Al-6063 at different temperatures and strain rates used in t...
Available to Purchase
in Fatigue Failure of Extrusion Dies: Effect of Process Parameters and Design Features on Die Life
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 5 Flow curves of Al-6063 at different temperatures and strain rates used in the simulation
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Book Chapter
Impact Loading and Testing
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006919
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... Abstract This article reviews the impact response of plastic components and the various methods used to evaluate it.. It describes the effects of loading rate on polymer deformation and the influence of temperature and strain rate on failure mode. It discusses the advantages and limitations...
Abstract
This article reviews the impact response of plastic components and the various methods used to evaluate it.. It describes the effects of loading rate on polymer deformation and the influence of temperature and strain rate on failure mode. It discusses the advantages and limitations of standard impact tests, the use of puncture tests for assessing material behavior under extreme strain, and the application of fracture mechanics for analyzing impact failures. It also develops and demonstrates the theory involved in the design and analysis of thin-walled, injection-molded plastic components.
Book Chapter
Fatigue Failure of Extrusion Dies: Effect of Process Parameters and Design Features on Die Life
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001788
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... for flat extrusion die and account for bearing length, fillet radius, temperature, and strain rate. They were shown to provide useful information for the analysis and prevention of die failures. extrusion die fatigue failure die design tool steel cracking fractography strain rate H13 (hot-work...
Abstract
Several failed dies were analyzed and the results were used to evaluate fatigue damage models that have been developed to predict die life and aid in design and process optimization. The dies used in the investigation were made of H13 steels and fractured during the hot extrusion of Al-6063 billet material. They were examined to identify critical fatigue failure locations, determine corresponding stresses and strains, and uncover correlations with process parameters, design features, and life cycle data. The fatigue damage models are based on Morrow’s stress and strain-life models for flat extrusion die and account for bearing length, fillet radius, temperature, and strain rate. They were shown to provide useful information for the analysis and prevention of die failures.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006944
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... Abstract The discussion on the fracture of solid materials, both metals and polymers, customarily begins with a presentation of the stress-strain behavior and of how various conditions such as temperature and strain-rate affect the mechanisms of deformation and fracture. This article describes...
Abstract
The discussion on the fracture of solid materials, both metals and polymers, customarily begins with a presentation of the stress-strain behavior and of how various conditions such as temperature and strain-rate affect the mechanisms of deformation and fracture. This article describes crazing and fracture in polymeric materials, with a review of the behavior of the elastic modulus as a function of temperature or time parameters, emphasizing the importance of the viscoelastic nature of their deformation and fracture. The discussion covers the behavior of polymers under stress, provides information on ductile and brittle behaviors, and describes craze initiation in polymers and crack formation and fracture by crazing. Macroscopic permanent deformation of polymeric materials caused by shear-yielding and crazing, which eventually can result in fracture and failure, is also covered.
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