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solution heat treatment

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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c0091640
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... inspection, 0.7x/50x images, hardness testing, reheat treatment, and metallographic examination) supported the conclusion that failure was by progressive SCC that originated at a stress concentration. Also, the solution heat treatment had been either omitted or performed at too high of a temperature...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c0046015
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... and were within the range for 6061-T4 (acceptable hardness, 19 to 45 HRB). This indicated they had been naturally aged at room temperature after solution heat treatment instead of artificially aged as per specs. Edge cracking in two of the T-sections was the result of improper conditions during extrusion...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c9001395
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... to dissolve the carbides — the so-called “solution treatment”, which involves, in the case of chromium/nickel steels, heating to 1050°C followed by rapid cooling (water quenching) to retain the dissolved carbides in solution and prevent them reforming during cooling. With many large and complicated...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c0047199
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... to here as materials 1, 2, and 3). Specifically, the factors investigated were the grain structures developed by thermomechanical treatments, thermal treatment, and the quenching rate subsequent to the solution heat treatments. Effect of Grain Structure A section through a forging fabricated from...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.pulp.c0089682
EISBN: 978-1-62708-230-3
... tests in accordance with ASTM A 262 to ensure adequate corrosion resistance. Castings Fittings Pitting Solution annealing Solution heat treatment 317 UNS J93000 Intergranular corrosion Casting-related failures A neck fitting exhibiting extreme corrosion with large, deeply pitted areas...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.design.c9001423
EISBN: 978-1-62708-233-4
... concentration. Manufacturing and welding stresses could be relieved by a solution heat treatment at a temperature of the order of 1000°C but this would be impracticable with a cylinder of this type and in this instance re-design of the cylinder to eliminate the crevice would offer the easiest solution...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.steel.c9001224
EISBN: 978-1-62708-232-7
... tubes of the unused heat exchanger contained in addition to the chromium-silicon alloyed solid solution only chromium carbide as a precipitate; the caustic soda etch had no effect. On the other hand, in the fractured finned tubes, a considerable amount of sigma phase had formed as a result...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001294
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... to create a path across the entire sealing surface, fluid may leak through even in the closed position. From the microstructure, it was apparent that the second heat treatment produced a poppet that experienced IGA. Simulation tests were then necessary to isolate the possible corrosive solution(s) so...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006816
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... that cause a part to fail during heat treatment. The article discusses the problems associated with heating and furnaces, quenching media, quenching stresses, hardenability, tempering, carburizing, carbonitriding, and nitriding as well as potential stainless steel problems and problems associated...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c9001213
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
.... 500 × Fig. 11 Structure of transition zone to region of intergranular corrosion. Etching treatment: 50% aqueous solution of nitric acid, 2 V 3 min. 100 × Fig. 12 Structure after heat treatment ( 1 2 hr. at 1050° C/water). Etching treatment: V2A-etching solution. 200...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.matlhand.c9001262
EISBN: 978-1-62708-224-2
... the austenitic grain boundaries. Such fractures are characteristic results of strong overheating. The coarse-grained, coarse acicular heat-treated structure of the chain link confirmed overheating. Because temperatures in excess of 1150 deg C are required for the solution of impurities, it is more probable...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006785
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... temper designation has been solution heat treated and artificially aged to maximum strength. For more information, refer to Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials , Volume 2 of the ASM Handbook , 1990. An aluminum alloy with a T7 temper designation has been solution...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001776
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... angle 45°) at 28-mm distance from one end. Five samples were used in the as-received conditions and five (along with other one for microstructural analysis) were solution treated before testing. The heat treatment involved heating to 1050 °C, holding at 1050 °C for 1 h, and then quenching in agitated...
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 12 Structure after heat treatment ( 1 2 hr. at 1050° C/water). Etching treatment: V2A-etching solution. 200 × More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001051
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
.... The shell material exhibited high hardness values prior to confirmatory heat treatment, indicating high residual stresses in the area of the weld. All cracks were transgranular and were associated with pits on the inside surfaces of the vessels. It was concluded that the cracking was caused by a low-cycle...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c9001177
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... Abstract A solution containing 50 to 70% calcium chloride (pH 7.5 to 8.5) was concentrated by evaporation in a brick-lined vessel by passing steam at a pressure of 15 atmospheres through a system of heating coils made of austenitic stainless steel X 10 Cr-Ni-Mo-Ti 18 12 (Material No. 1.4573...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001217
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... the particularly dangerous region of conchoidal fracture formation took 50 hours alone. After heat treatment in air the mechanical properties were passable. Nor did the tensile specimens show conchoidal fractures. Nevertheless, an investigation to clarify the microstructure phenomenon appeared rewarding...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c0091318
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
... afterward. Recommendations included revising directions for sterilization and rinsing. Aircraft components Cleaing solution Hypochlorites Nitrates Water tanks 321 UNS S32100 Surface treatment related failures Pitting corrosion Two freshwater tanks of type 321 stainless steel were removed...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001722
EISBN: 978-1-62708-236-5
... not exceeding 65 t.p.s.i., or have been nitrided, no further heat treatment is normally required before plating. In the case of parts made from steel hardened and tempered to a tensile range exceeding 65 t.p.s.i., or which have been carburised, flame-or induction-hardened, or carbonitrided, it is preferable...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c9001455
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... mechanical properties from the heat treatment given during the final stages of manufacture. This involves an initial quench (solution treatment) to produce a super-saturated solid solution followed, either by standing at room temperature (natural ageing) or by heating to a slightly elevated temperature...