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solid-state welding

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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001171
EISBN: 978-1-62708-219-8
... or equilibrium carbides or other phases from γ solid solution). In particular, the austenitic stainless steels may show a considerable susceptibility to intercrystalline corrosion in such conditions as, for example, during welding. In fact, if these steels are heated within a temperature range from 425...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001054
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... failure by stress-corrosion cracking under sustained loading if the atmosphere was saturated with water vapor. Dissimilar metals, bonding Pressure welding Stainless steels, bonding Welded joints, corrosion Silver Stress-corrosion cracking Background Silver solid-state bonded components...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001150
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... to turbine blades, but are not solid, consisting rather of a number of components. Two 4- 1 2 in. width × 2- 5 8 in. thickness carbon steel bars cut from rolled plate are welded to the scroll shaft approximately 70° from each other and at slightly different elevations. Three curved...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003570
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... in vibratory cavitation Fig. 15 Accelerated cavitation erosion and cracking associated with austenitic stainless steel weld deposits on a martensitic stainless steel (CA-15) impeller vane Abstract Erosion of solid surfaces can be brought about solely by liquids in two ways: from damage...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003554
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... by surface contact with another metal in either liquid or solid form. This phenomenon from the presence of another metal in the molten state has been known for some time as liquid metal embrittlement. More recently, the term liquid metal induced embrittlement (LMIE) has been accepted as more descriptive...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006808
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
.... Fracture mechanics and fitness-for-service requirements, solely from a discontinuity viewpoint, typically include detection, identification, location, sizing, characterization (i.e., type), and orientation. In addition, complicated weld geometries may necessitate a nondestructive assessment of the state...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001829
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... chromium-rich carbides that were generated during weld regeneration. In the welding process, the filler metal is Haynes 188, a solid-solution-strengthened superalloy having low-carbon and high-tungsten contents. Therefore, one can infer that there are mechanical and chemical differences between base...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.steel.c9001714
EISBN: 978-1-62708-232-7
..., carburization as an initiation condition for metal dusting was found. The welding protrusion will change laminar flow of the gas, to turbulent flow. The solid particles in the turbulent gas, will remove the chromia layer behind the welding protrusion and weaken the resistance of the pipe surface...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001611
EISBN: 978-1-62708-219-8
... fracture developed from a combination of high constraint (the large I-beam is effectively an infinite solid with regard to the fracture process), rapid cooling (a function of poor preheat practice and inadequate insulation), and the subsequent application of a nonuniform temperature field to a weld...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0001822
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... was recommended as an alternative to the bronze-backed journal (AAR M-501-48). In 1950, six railroads applied 600 test bearings successfully. In the 1956 AAR proceedings ( Ref 11 ), the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad stated that at least three factors must exist to cause copper-penetration fractures...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001339
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... to a brazed aluminum plate-fin exchanger within the cold box was constructed of 5083-O aluminum alloy and operated at −72 °C (−98 °F), which is below the melting point of mercury (−39 °C, or −38 °F). Mercury is not known to embrittle aluminum while it is in the solid state. Therefore, the history of the plant...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001840
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... to extend their cladding methods into solid state procedures. Explosive cladding/welding is a potential solid state method to fabricate Inconel 625-substrate bimetal plates. The whole procedure of explosive cladding can be summarized in the following steps. As Fig. 1 depicts the parallel setup...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c9001679
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... with the diffuser tube. Failures with these stages, at the TIG weld, occurred in 1986 and 1987 after only three months of service. An investigation was initiated to determine how the life of the diffuser stages could be extended. Finite element analyses were employed to examine the stress states that were...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006813
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... Abstract Heat exchangers are devices used to transfer thermal energy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid, or between a solid particulate and a fluid at different temperatures. This article first addresses the causes of failures in heat exchangers. It then provides...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003543
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... Cracking Investigation Conclusions Laboratory Fracture Examination Example 15: Weld Cracking of a Stainless Steel Heat Exchanger Role of Welding in Embrittlement and Overload Behavior Solid-Metal-Induced Embrittlement (SMIE) Avoidance/Remediation Avoidance/Remediation Liquid...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006778
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... in the evaluation of unstable, rapid fracture. Ductile and brittle overload failures and the resultant fracture morphology are influenced by various material factors from the atomic level to the bulk material level. Although it has been stated in many ways, one of the guiding principles of materials science...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006768
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... of corrective actions that alter the residual-stress state of a component for the purposes of preventing, minimizing, or eradicating the contribution of residual stress to premature failures. The article presents a practical approach to sample selection and specimen preparation, measurement location selection...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001766
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... in order to match the exact deformation of the failed extension rod, with the reaction forces calculated for the corresponding deformation. Figure 8 shows the extension rod in both the undeformed and final deformed states. The analysis indicates that the torque required to develop the observed...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.9781627082952
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006548
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... SIMS secondary ion mass spectroscopy SLC sustained load cracking SMAW shielded metal arc welding SMIE solid metal induced embrittlement S-N stress-number of cycles SRB sulfate-reducing bacteria SSC sulfide-stress cracking tc critical thickness T thickness T throat T temperature Tc recrystallization...