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point defects

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Published: 15 May 2022
Fig. 3 Central origin point of defect More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.machtools.c9001154
EISBN: 978-1-62708-223-5
... . The fracture origin, or rather origins of fractures were located in the interior of the cross section. Fatigue fractures propagated from several points which could be recognized as flaky cracks already in the fracture, and which later were united. No material defects could be detected in the cross section...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c9001186
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... Abstract A 2.3 mm diam steel wire broke during cable twisting. The fracture occurred obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the wire and showed a constriction at the end. Therefore it was a ductile fracture. File mark type work defects were noticeable on the wire surface at both sides...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.machtools.c0089429
EISBN: 978-1-62708-223-5
.... It was concluded by the plaintiff's metallurgist that the failed drill was defective as the steel contained nonmetallic inclusions and carbide segregation which made it brittle. It was revealed by the defendant that the twist drill met all specifications of M1 high-speed steel and investigated several other drills...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.mech.c9001153
EISBN: 978-1-62708-225-9
... fatigue fracture which has started from a lobe-like surface defect and not, as is usual, from a point on the most highly stressed inner surface. Fracture 2, on the other hand, was a bending fatigue fracture with a starting point on both the inner and the outer surface of the spiral. The objective...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001777
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
...-in defects, operating-in defects, and extreme environmental impacts. Owing to the high complexity of such equipment, several welded connections and joints are disposed throughout the structure, presenting critical points for possible failure. A literature review shows that the failure of heavy mining...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c9001476
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... tubeplate on the opposite side. After a mishap, the paint had been burned off the upper half of the shell. Internally, most of the tubes were found to be twisted or bent. The casing of the pump used to circulate the cooling water was also found to be cracked after the mishap. All the evidence pointed...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c9001016
EISBN: 978-1-62708-236-5
... a section of the ways and a heavy adjustable mechanism which normally rides on these ways. The weight of the broken section was estimated at several hundred pounds. There was no support for the broken piece beyond the point of breakage. The material was a commercial cast iron, and the largest proportion...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.marine.c9001210
EISBN: 978-1-62708-227-3
... Abstract In a shipyard one of the two posts of a loading gear fractured under a comparatively small load at the point where it was welded into the ship’s deck. The post consisted of several pipe lengths that were produced by longitudinal seam welding of 27 mm thick sheets. The sheet metal...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.steel.c9001490
EISBN: 978-1-62708-232-7
... Abstract A steel pot used as crucible in a magnesium alloy foundry developed a leak that resulted in a fire and caused extensive damage. Hypotheses as to the cause of the leak included a defect in the pot, overuse, overheating, and poor foundry practices. Scanning electron microscopy...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.machtools.c9001229
EISBN: 978-1-62708-223-5
... of a sheet made from a 55 kp/sq mm strength steel. The saw blades were used for separating steel profiles at high rotational speeds. The cracks in question were located at the base of the teeth, i.e. at the point of highest operating stress. Metallographic examination showed that all cracks were non...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001839
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... surfaces revealed a brittle intercrystalline mode of fracture with typical manifestations of clear grain facets. Branched and discrete stepwise microcracks were also found along with unusually high levels of residual hydrogen. Mechanical tests revealed a marked loss of tensile ductility in the defective...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c9001018
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
..., fresh, and indicative of a shock type of failure pattern. Closer examination, however, showed a defect of some kind at one corner. At this point, there was definite evidence of progression and oxidation. Fig. 1 Discovery of a defect in one corner of this failed aircraft landing gear (close-up...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006870
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... application that involved high-frequency cyclic deformation in compression mode. Figures 2 and 3 display beach marks that radiate outward from a central point, which is the origin of the defect. Beach marks are the circular or elliptical lines oriented perpendicular to the direction of crack propagation...
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 2 Auger electron spectroscopy survey spectra obtained from features observed in secondary electron microscopy photo of stainless steel ( Fig. 1 ). Point 1, large particle feature near center of Fig. 3 . Point 2, small particle feature. Point 3, control point off of defects More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.rail.c9001418
EISBN: 978-1-62708-231-0
... are attributable to the use of defective material, the majority arising from deficiencies in design or from abnormal service conditions - temperature, corrosive environment, overload, fluctuating stress, shock, etc. Internal defects having a metallurgical origin can act as convenient points of initiation...
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 4 (a) Radiograph locating U10-14 and J1-12; an electrical open was found between these two points. 1× (b) Enlargement of the radiograph showing an etching defect (arrow). 13× (c) is a detailed optical photograph showing the etching defect in the conductor. 45× More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.matlhand.c9001474
EISBN: 978-1-62708-224-2
... discontinuities eliminated. It was felt that, although in the present example the defects only served to bring about failure in a brittle rather than a ductile manner, it was conceivable that, in other cases, such defects could serve as starting points for fatigue cracks, the gradual development of which could...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001302
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
...-flange shoulder region of the defective kingpins prior to their installation on the trailers. The shoulder is a highly stressed region of the kingpin, and these cracks grew and coalesced during the 4 to 6 months of service. At some point, the load bearing capability of the kingpin was insufficient...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001793
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... components was carried out. The hollow shaft presented no defects along its length. The concentric pipe was removed from the hollow shaft and several cracks were identified along its length. In some specific points, the cracks propagated to a complete window-type failure. A common feature of the cracks...