Fig. 15 TEM replica of the ferrite/pearlite structure at C in Figure 2 showing fresh pearlite lamellae; picral etch; 4400×. More

Fig. 16 TEM replica of ferrite/pearlite structure at D in Figure 2 showing both fresh pearlite lamellae and partially dissolved pearlite lamellae, picral etch; 4400×. More

Fig. 10 Unbroken piston showing ferrite/pearlite structure at comparable position to Fig. 9 . 1000 × More

Fig. 4 Microstructures of the cracked casting. (a) Ferrite/pearlite matrix is representative of the cracked casting. 100x. (b) Structure of cracked casting adjacent to the gas defect. The white constituents in the dark pearlite zone are carbides. White regions in the fine type D graphite More

Fig. 3 Cleavage of a pearlite grain. 1250 × More

Fig. 4 Slip line in a pearlite grain. Carbon replica. 15 000 × More

Fig. 5 Cleavage of a pearlite grain. Carbon replica. 10 000 × More

Fig. 5 Influence of austenite grain side d γ and pearlite colony size d ρ on fatigue crack initiation life N i More

Fig. 2 The pearlite colony size and fine spacing of the lamellae typical of the prestressing wire are shown. The dark, blocky phase between the pearlite colonies and at grain boundaries is pro-eutectoid ferrite. The coarser lamellae spacings here are about 0.1 to 0.2 microns. More

Fig. 5 Upper bainitic structure with aligned grains of unresolved pearlite (black). 100 × More

Fig. 1 A graphitized medium carbon steel; ( a ) graphite nodule in pearlite, with uniform distribution of cementite particles in pearlite around it; ( b ) same steel overaged—complete graphitization and phases present are ferrite and graphite only More

Fig. 12 SEM micrograph of the steel tested at 800 °C showing a ferrite–pearlite (ductile) decohesion More

Fig. 7 Microstructure of sample 3b far from tear. The ferrite and pearlite morphology is different from Fig. 5 , indicating that the steel had been reaustenitized. More

Fig. 5 Distribution of ferrite, pearlite size, and grain size in surface and deep of sample More

Fig. 4 SEM Micrograph of spheroidized pearlite in the substrate of the examined tube More

Fig. 24 Micrograph of outside surface of the shell wall showing pearlite colonies in an unaffected region. Nital etch More

Fig. 3 Hot rolled 1022 steel showing severe banding. Bands of pearlite (dark) and ferrite were caused by segregation of carbon and other elements during solidification and later decomposition of austenite. Nital etch. Original magnification: 250×. Courtesy of J.R. Kilpatrick More

Fig. 9 Microstructure of the axle core, composed of ferrite and pearlite (and perhaps bainite). 2% nital etch. 450×. More

Fig. 8 Microstructure of the collar showing pearlite in a ferrite. matrix. Nital etch, 100×. More

Fig. 5 Intergranular cracking through the ferrite/pearlite matrix.Picral etch. 100× More