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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006769
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... preparation scanning electron microscope scanning electron microscopy THE SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (SEM) is one of the most versatile instruments for investigating the microscopic features of most solid materials. Compared to the light microscope, it expands the resolution range by more than 1...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003533
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... Abstract The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is one of the most versatile instruments for investigating the microstructure of metallic materials. This article highlights the development of SEM technology and describes the operation of basic systems in an SEM, including the electron optical...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c9001571
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... of three people hired to perform the review [ 7 ]. We concluded that the temperature estimates were reasonable and suggested that quantitative microscopy, aided by selective etching, might permit a more precise estimate of the degree of thermal exposure. Subsequently, the writer obtained the metallographic...
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 20 Scanning electron microscopy. (a) Typical scanning electron microscope used in failure analysis photography. (b) Scanning electron microscope photograph of a fatigue fracture More
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 1 Scanning electron microscopy photo of the surface of a 300-series stainless steel sample obtained from AES instrument. Field of view, 1 μm More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 3 Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of surface fracture More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 4 Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of surface fracture A with identification of fracture initiation site More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 14 Microscopy of steel surface that has begun to fail due to surface-initiated fatigue More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 5 Scanning electron microscopy images of worn surfaces of AISI 1045 medium-carbon steel samples after predeformation (tensile) at two different strain rates. (a) Sample predeformed at a strain rate of 0.75 × 10 −2 /s. (b) Sample predeformed at a strain rate of 1/s. Wear tests were More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 3 Scanning electron microscopy observation of erosion surface. Original magnification: 50×. Reprinted from Ref 34 with permission from Elsevier More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 8 Scanning electron microscopy observation of single V-groove of small relative roughness ( D / d = 0.5). Reprinted from Ref 20 with permission from Elsevier More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 9 Scanning electron microscopy observation of single V-groove of large relative roughness ( D / d = 1.67). Reprinted from Ref 20 with permission from Elsevier More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 29 Transmission electron microscopy replica of tongues on a fracture surface of iron. Source: Ref 19 More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 32 (a) Examples of fans in a two-stage transmission electron microscopy replica of a cleavage fracture surface of iron. The river lines point back to the crack initiation site. (b) Fans on scanning electron microscopy image. Source: Ref 20 , 22 More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 34 Scanning electron microscopy view of fatigue striations in aluminum forging tested under cyclic loading More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 35 Striations observed by scanning electron microscopy on rotating-beam fatigue specimen made of cold-worked electrolytic tough pitch copper. Crack growth direction is from upper right to lower left, and specimen was tested at relatively high stress. More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 1 Scanning electron microscopy images of (a) intergranular fracture in ion-nitrided layer of ductile iron (ASTM 80-55-06), (b) transgranular fracture by cleavage in ductile iron (ASTM 80-55-06), and (c) ductile fracture with equiaxed dimples from microvoid coalescence around graphite More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 2 Scanning electron microscopy images of intergranular fracture with different grain morphologies. (a) Rock candy appearance from atmospheric stress-corrosion cracking of a high-strength aluminum alloy with equiaxed grains. Original magnification: 130×. (b) Intergranular fracture along More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 3 Scanning electron microscopy image of fracture surface of nickel-base alloy (Inconel 751, annealed and aged) after stress rupture (730 °C, or 1350 °F; 380 MPa, or 55 ksi; 125 h). (a) Low-magnification view, with picture width shown at approximately 0.35 mm (0.0138 in.) from original More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 1 Scanning electron microscopy images of dimple-rupture fractures. (a) Fracture of low-alloy medium-carbon steel bolt (SAE grade 5). Original magnification: 1750×. (b) Equiaxed tensile dimples originating around the graphite nodules of ASTM 60-45-10 ductile iron. Original magnification More