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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001838
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
.... 8 Scanning electron microfractograph of crack path. Detail of Fig. 7 . Evidence of liquation cracking, a hot cracking mechanism Fig. 9 Scanning electron microfractograph of crack forced open in laboratory (see Fig. 7 ). Evidence of liquation cracking. Formerly molten low-melting grain...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001085
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... reagent. Fig. 12 Crack located on inside portion of casting on a hardness specimen. Fig. 13 Other areas of hot cracking found on hardness specimen. Abstract Liquid penetrant inspection of an ASTM A296 grade CA-15 residual heat removal pump impeller from a nuclear plant...
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Published: 01 December 1992
Fig. 13 Other areas of hot cracking found on hardness specimen. More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0047586
EISBN: 978-1-62708-236-5
... typical of exposure to air when very hot. Several additional subsurface cracks, typical of hot tears, were observed in and near the weld. There had been too much local heat input in making the repair weld. The result was localized thermal contraction and hot tearing. The cracking of the repair weld...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c0048751
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... to the weld seam, were revealed by metallographic examination (hot shortness). It was indicated by energy-dispersive spectroscopy that type 316 electrode was not used for the root pass and instead a nickel-copper alloy electrode was employed. It was thus concluded that cracking was caused due to the use...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c0090114
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... Abstract The first-stage blades in a model 501D5 gas turbine had 16 cooling holes. After 32,000 h of service, the blades exhibited cracking at the cooling holes. The blade material was wrought Udimet 520 alloy, with nominal composition of 57Ni-19Cr-12Co-6Mo-1W-2Al-3Ti-0.05C-0.005B. The cooling...
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Published: 01 December 1992
Fig. 11 Flange edge crack that triggered the bottle fracture. Note weld hot crack, which occurred at the end of the flange-to-cross-frame butt weld. More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001049
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
.... Cracking resulted during installation from the use of a material susceptible to hot cracking. Deep corrosion fissures then developed at hot crack sites as a result of crevice corrosion. Use of the appropriate overlay material was recommended. Selected Reference Selected Reference • Forms...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0047545
EISBN: 978-1-62708-236-5
... was attributed to the combination of weld porosity, many slag inclusions and the formation of brittle martensite in the HAZ. A new repair weld was made using an E312 stainless steel electrode, which provides a weld deposit that contains considerable ferrite to prevent hot cracking. Before welding, the crankshaft...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c9001484
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... and circumferential tensile stresses on the side in contact with the adjacent diaphragm. In the presence of the molten copper-rich alloy, these stresses gave rise to severe hot cracking. Copper Liquid metals Steam turbines Fe-0.35C-3.42Ni Liquid metal induced embrittlement The fusing of the switch...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001111
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
.... 3 Fracture origin at weld joining cross frame to flange. Fig. 7 Charpy impact test results for A517 grade F, plate A, from the same producer as casually plate CK. Fig. 11 Flange edge crack that triggered the bottle fracture. Note weld hot crack, which occurred at the end...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.bldgs.c9001180
EISBN: 978-1-62708-219-8
... Abstract A T-piece from a copper hot water system failed. Microscopic examination of a polished section revealed a main crack and branching transcrystalline cracks running from the outer surface of the pipe into the pipe wall. The crack appearance indicated disintegration by stress-corrosion...
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Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 8 Scanning electron microfractograph of crack path. Detail of Fig. 7 . Evidence of liquation cracking, a hot cracking mechanism More
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Published: 01 June 2019
near the filled-in keyway showing incomplete fusion (arrow C) at the bottom of the keyway and subsurface cracks at arrow D. 8×. (c) Stereo pair of SEM fractographs of the weld-deposit surface near the fracture showing a very granular appearance. A deep, wide hot crack progresses from upper to lower More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.mech.c9001222
EISBN: 978-1-62708-225-9
... are impressions of hot cracks in the steel die. The elevated casting temperatures place such severe demands on the die material, that hot cracks are frequently formed before the minimum number of pieces (about 2000) is reached. This minimum is of necessity high in view of the costs of the dies 2...
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 General view of half of hot gas casing showing cracks indicated by dye penetrant. More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 4 Side Wall Tube Near Throat - Note numerous transverse cracks on hot and membrane portions of the tube. More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c0091009
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... the room-temperature lab fracture features were consistent with ductile rupture. The crack was evident at the weld toe, but it did not follow the fusion line or HAZ, as is sometimes the case in hot cracks. The welding penetration was shallow and irregular. The base metal microstructure consisted...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003509
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... at the weld toe Crackshot or cold, longitudinal or transverse, crater and at weld toe Gas porosity Arc strike Spatter Backing piece left on: failure to remove material placed at the root of a weld joint to support molten weld metal Subsurface features that are causes for rejection...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.usage.c0047558
EISBN: 978-1-62708-236-5
... appearance. A deep, wide hot crack progresses from upper to lower left. 1750× The microstructure of the base metal was a normal mixture of ferrite and pearlite, except for having a coarse grain size (ASTM 3). Analysis showed the metal to be AISI 4130 steel. The weld metal was finer grained, largely...