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hardening

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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 5 Local melting and hardening caused by an electrical engraving tool, etched in alcoholic picric acid. 200× More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 8 Edge structure of a file blank, which remained too soft during hardening. Cross section, etched in nital. 100 × More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001595
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... Abstract Hardenability evaluation is typically applied to heat treatment process control, but can also augment standard metallurgical failure analysis techniques for steel components. A comprehensive understanding of steel hardenability is an essential complement to the skills...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001214
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... Abstract A case-hardened sleeve made of C 15 (Material No. 1.0401) was flattened at two opposing sides and had cracked open at these places, the crack initiating at a face plane. The wall of the sleeve was 9 mm thick, but the flat ends were machined down to 5.5 mm from the outside. The customer...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001212
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... Abstract Operation handles produced from C45 steel showed many fine cracks at the flame hardened noses. The cracks ran from the corners of indentations caused by the tool during alignment. Metallographic investigation showed the nose was overheated during flame hardening. It was concluded...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001762
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... that no suspension was involved Abstract Rollover accidents in light trucks and cars involving an axle failure frequently raise the question of whether the axle broke causing the rollover or did the axle break as a result of the rollover. Axles in these vehicles are induction hardened medium carbon steel...
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 8 a). Proximity of blade end. Eroded inlet edge with hardened region and Vickers hardness indentations, transverse section, etch: V2A-solution. 10× b). Center of blade. Eroded inlet edge with hardened region and Vickers hardness indentations, transverse section, etch: V2A-solution. 10× More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 3 Stress crack in hardened zone of broken spindle (left: weld), longitudinal section, etch: V2A-pickling solution. 100 × More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 4 Microstructure of hardened zone, etch: V2A-pickling solution. 500 × More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 5 Longitudinal section a of Fig. 2 with built-up weld and contiguous hardened region. Etch: picral. 3 × More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 6 Structure in longitudinal section a, etch: picral. 500 ×. Hardened region. More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 7 Longitudinal section a with built-up weld (left) and hardened region with hardness crack, etch: picral, 50 × More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Induction-hardened 1151 steel rotor shaft in which a spline fractured because of a seam. Top left: Configuration and dimensions (given in inches). Section A-A: Micrographs of section through broken spline, showing shape of fracture (arrow A), root of seam (arrow B), and decarburized More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 3 Foreign inclusion in a hardened piece of chromium steel with approx. 1% C and 1.5% Cr. Longitudinal section. Etch: Picral 25× More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 4 Foreign inclusion in a hardened piece of chromium steel with approx. 1% C and 1.5% Cr. Longitudinal section. Etch: Picral 500× More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 3 Hardened structure associated with surface cracks. (×100). More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Photomicrographs showing (a) white hardened layer near surface, (b) untempered martensitic structure, at 1000× More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 16 Cracking, deformation, and a white hardened layer at the journal surface of Crank #1 More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Handle etched with 10% nital to show the flame hardened zone (dark). 1 × More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 4 Structure of the flame hardened top. 500 × More