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1-20 of 2019
Search Results for etching
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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c9001571
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... and 1100°C for 10, 30 and 100 minutes. It was believed that the H-4 and M-11 locations experienced only low temperatures. These control specimens were polished, etched and compared to the TMI-2 boat specimens. Specimens were cut from the boat specimens and studied by the VIP members. In the USA...
Abstract
The accident at Three Mile Island Unit No. 2 on 28 March 1979 was the worst nuclear accident in US history. By Jan 1990, it was possible to electrochemically machine coupons from the lower head using a specially designed tool. The specimens contained the ER308L stainless steel cladding and the A533 Grade B plate material to a depth of about mid-wall. The microstructures of these specimens were compared to that of specimens cut from the Midland, Michigan reactor vessel, made from the same grade and thickness but never placed in service. These specimens were subjected to known thermal treatments between 800 and 1100 deg C for periods of 1 to 100 min. Microstructural parameters in the control specimens and in those from TMI-2 were quantified. Selective etchants were used to better discriminate desired microstructural features, particularly in the cladding. This report is a progress report on the quantification of changes in both the degree of carbide precipitation and delta ferrite content and shape in the cladding as a function of temperature and time to refine the estimates of the maximum temperatures experienced.
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in Screen Bars Destroyed by Intergranular Corrosion
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Chemical Processing Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 27 Micrograph showing cracking along white-etching localized shear zone
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 39 Light micrograph showing sigma phase revealed by selective etching with 10N KOH (electrolytic). The brittle sigma phase caused extensive cracking in a 25%Cr-12%Ni cast heat treatment basket hook.
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 42 Light micrograph of a white-etching surface layer formed on a rail head due to frictional heat. This specimen was taken adjacent to a spalled area. Specimen etched with picral
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 52 White “butterfly” etching developed at a nonmetallic inclusion as a result of contact loading. 675×. Source: Ref 30
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Published: 01 December 1993
Fig. 2 White etching bands of untempered martensite that intersected the face and chamfer of the hammer in a zone away from the chipped area. A crack is present in one of the bands. 34.65×.
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Published: 01 December 1992
Fig. 14 Same weld toe area as Fig. 13 after etching and at lower magnification showing crack through HAZ .2% nital etch. 100×.
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in Embrittlement of a 76 mm (3 in.) Stainless Steel Pipe and Liner From a Hydrogen Plant Quench Pot Vessel
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 1992
Fig. 4 Grain structure after etching, showing network of prior-austenite grain boundaries and presence of carbides in grain structure. 71×.
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in Corrosion Fatigue and Subsequent Rupture of a Yankee Dryer Roll on a Modified Paper Machine
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 1992
Fig. 7 Micrograph of the same area shown in Fig. 6 after etching in nital. Matrix microstructure is bainite with scattered carbides. 64×.
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in Failure of a Type 317L Stainless Steel Clad Bottom Cone of an Acid Sulfite Pulping Batch Digester
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 1992
Fig. 3 Clad surface of the unaffected segment showed light etching. The cladding thickness was intact.
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in Failure of a Type 317L Stainless Steel Clad Bottom Cone of an Acid Sulfite Pulping Batch Digester
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 1992
Fig. 5 Unaffected cladding with minor etching approximately one grain deep. No TGSCC was found.
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in Failure Analysis of Induction Hardened Automotive Axles
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 2019
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in Metallurgical Investigation of a Cracked Splice Plate Used in a Power Transmission Line Tower
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 4 Light micrographs of the etched sample# 1 (Heel) depicting a white- etching layer at the sample surface near the crack origin ( a ) ×200, ( b ) ×500
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Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 5 Microstructure showing light and dark etching as seen under microscope
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Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 6 Microstructure showing light and dark etching at the circlip groove as seen under microscope
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in Spring Fatigue Fractures Due to Microstructural Changes in Service
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 5 Longitudinal section through a fatigue crack origin, showing white-etching untempered martensite at the initiation, as well as highly deformed ferrite and pearlite. The longitudinal direction is indicated
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in Microscopic Analysis of Fractured Screws Used as Implants in Bone Fixation
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 3 Surface cracks on the thread of the screw: without metallo-graphic etching
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 27 Micrograph showing cracking along white-etching localized shear zone
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