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erosion

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Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003569
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... Abstract This article considers two mechanisms of cavitation failure: those for ductile materials and those for brittle materials. It examines the different stages of cavitation erosion. The article explains various cavitation failures including cavitation in bearings, centrifugal pumps...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003570
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... Abstract Erosion of solid surfaces can be brought about solely by liquids in two ways: from damage induced by formation and subsequent collapse of voids or cavities within the liquid, and from high-velocity impacts between a solid surface and liquid droplets. The former process is called...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c9001718
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
.... No material or manufacturing defects were found to explain the different service performance of the two impellers. Microstructure, microhardness and material chemistry are consistent with the specified material. Examination reveals the damage mechanism to be corrosion-enhanced cavitation erosion, the most...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001065
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
..., respectively) from the suction line were analyzed. Evidence of overall thinning of the elbow and pipe material and ductile tearing of fractures indicated that the feed water pipe failed as a result of an erosion corrosion mechanism, which thinned the wall sufficiently to cause rapid, ductile tearing...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001276
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... areas and the evidence of flow patterns indicated that the wall thinning and subsequent failure were caused by internal erosion damage. The exact cause of the erosion could not be determined by the appearance of the piping. Probable causes of the erosion include an excessively high velocity flow through...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c9001013
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... carbon dioxide dissolved in water condensed from the gas stream, with organic acids possibly an aggravating factor. A gas analysis showed no other corrosive agents. No metallurgical or fabrication defects were found in the carbon steel part. The mode of attack was corrosion-erosion, caused...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c0046418
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... contributing factors to localization of the cavitation erosion. Recommendations included adopting inspection procedures to ensure that the specified properties of aluminum alloy 6061-T6 were obtained and that the combustion chamber and adjacent components were aligned within specified tolerances. In a similar...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.modes.c0046422
EISBN: 978-1-62708-234-1
... stator was subject to severe erosion after relatively short operating times and initially required replacement after each test program. Although up to 60 cu cm (3.7 cu in.) of material was being lost from each vane, it only reduced the power-absorption capacity by a small amount. Analysis supported...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006796
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... Abstract Erosion of a solid surface can be brought about by liquid droplet impingement (LDI), which is defined as "progressive loss of original material from a solid surface due to continued exposure to erosion by liquid droplets." In this article, the emphasis is placed on the damage mechanism...
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 15 Erosion rate of different materials in a vortex erosion apparatus (input pressure = 7.7 bars; output pressure = 1 bar; flow: 3.3 mm 3 /h; input speed = 18 m/s; rotation speed: 400 turns/min; liquid: distilled water; temperature = 18). Source: Ref 1 More
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 12 Dependence of maximum erosion rate in cavitation erosion on the combined parameter σ f ′ n ′ More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 12 Time variation of maximum erosion depth, E dm , for various erosion models. Source: Ref 49 More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 15 (a) Erosion in copper pipe. (b) Erosion pit with no corrosion product visible. (c) Erosion on the outside diameter of austenitic stainless steel heat-exchanger tube. (d) Section through same tube shown in (c). (e) Section through same tube shown in (c) and etched with electrolytic More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 13 Experimental erosion map for API X100 steel. Contours of normalized erosion rate, E , are shown in the map. Source: Ref 27 More
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 1 Effect of impact angle on erosion of aluminum and glass by 300 μm iron spheres at 10 m/s (34 ft/s) More
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 3 Experimental and predicted curves of erosion of aluminum by 120-mesh silicon carbide particles at 152 m/s (500 ft/s) More
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 6 Erosion rates of 1020 steel by 180 to 250 μm (7 to 10 mil) particles at 80 m/s (260 ft/s) More
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 7 Particulate erosion of a ductile steel impeller by an abrasive catalyst. (a) 0.25×. (b) 1× More
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 8 Processes by which a material is damaged by liquid impingement erosion. (a) Solid surface showing initial impact of a drop of liquid that produces circumferential cracks in the area of impact or produces shallow craters in very ductile materials. (b) High-velocity radial flow of liquid More
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 10 Erosion pitting caused by turbulent river water flowing through copper pipe. The typical horseshoe-shaped pits point upstream. 0.5× More