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Results of the in situ energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis of the depos...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2002
Fig. 26 Results of the in situ energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis of the deposits present in the fracture terminus areas of the laboratory opened crack sample
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Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 9 Energy-dispersive spectroscopy corresponding to areas of Fig. 8 . Courtesy of Mohan Chaudhari, Columbus Metallurgical Services
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Image
Energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis of deposit in a crack in a pipe fro...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2002
Fig. 21 Energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis of deposit in a crack in a pipe from a petrochemical plant
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Energy-dispersive spectroscopy x-ray spectrum from a shiny metallic particl...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2002
Fig. 46 Energy-dispersive spectroscopy x-ray spectrum from a shiny metallic particle in a secondary crack, as shown in Fig. 42
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Published: 01 January 2002
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in Mobile Harbor Crane Wheel Hub Fatigue Failure
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Construction, Mining, and Agricultural Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
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in Mobile Harbor Crane Wheel Hub Fatigue Failure
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Construction, Mining, and Agricultural Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
Image
Energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis of deposit in a crack in a pipe fro...
Available to PurchasePublished: 15 January 2021
Fig. 21 Energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis of deposit in a crack in a pipe from a petrochemical plant
More
Image
Energy-dispersive spectroscopy x-ray spectrum from a shiny metallic particl...
Available to PurchasePublished: 15 January 2021
Fig. 46 Energy-dispersive spectroscopy x-ray spectrum from a shiny metallic particle in a secondary crack, as shown in Fig. 42
More
Image
in Perforation of a Nickel-Base Alloy Kiln
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Steelmaking and Thermal Processing Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 3 Energy-dispersive spectroscopy corresponding to areas of Fig. 2 . Courtesy of Mohan Chaudhari, Columbus Metallurgical Services
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Image
Representative energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy spectrum of spherical i...
Available to Purchase
in Failure Analysis of Railroad Components
> Analysis and Prevention of Component and Equipment Failures
Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 106 Representative energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy spectrum of spherical inclusions analyzed from Fig. 105
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Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy spectrum from an area of the defect sh...
Available to Purchase
in Failure Analysis of Railroad Components
> Analysis and Prevention of Component and Equipment Failures
Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 108 Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy spectrum from an area of the defect shown in Fig. 107
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Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy spectrum of a bungee cord fractured su...
Available to Purchase
in Analysis and Prevention of Environmental- and Corrosion-Related Failures
> Failure Analysis and Prevention
Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 21 Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy spectrum of a bungee cord fractured surface showing fillers to be calcium carbonate type
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Typical energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy spectrum showing absorption fe...
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in Characterization of Plastics in Failure Analysis
> Characterization and Failure Analysis of Plastics
Published: 15 May 2022
Fig. 5 Typical energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy spectrum showing absorption features indicative of unique elements and the quantitation of those elements. cps, counts per second
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Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003522
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... Abstract This article focuses on the visual or macroscopic examination of damaged materials and interpretation of damage and fracture features. Analytical tools available for evaluations of corrosion and wear damage features include energy dispersive spectroscopy, electron probe microanalysis...
Abstract
This article focuses on the visual or macroscopic examination of damaged materials and interpretation of damage and fracture features. Analytical tools available for evaluations of corrosion and wear damage features include energy dispersive spectroscopy, electron probe microanalysis, Auger electron spectroscopy, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction. The article discusses the analysis and interpretation of base material composition and microstructures. Preparation and examination of metallographic specimens in failure analysis are also discussed. The article concludes with a review of the evaluation of polymers and ceramic materials in failure analysis.
Book Chapter
Corrosion Failures in Gas Turbine Hot Components
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001827
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
.... Each component was analyzed using optical and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, mechanical testing, and nondestructive techniques. The results of the investigation provide insights on the influence of temperature, composition, and microstructure and the contributing effects...
Abstract
Gas turbines and other types of combustion turbomachinery are susceptible to hot corrosion at elevated temperatures. Two such cases resulting in the failure of a gas turbine component were investigated to learn more about the hot corrosion process and the underlying failure mechanisms. Each component was analyzed using optical and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, mechanical testing, and nondestructive techniques. The results of the investigation provide insights on the influence of temperature, composition, and microstructure and the contributing effects of high-temperature oxidation on the hot corrosion process. Preventative measures are also discussed.
Book Chapter
Degradation of Thermal Barrier Coated Superalloy Component During Service
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001829
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... of the study. The samples that were analyzed had been operating at 1350 °C in a gas turbine at a combined-cycle generating plant. They were regenerated once, then used for different lengths of time. The investigation included chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, SEM/energy dispersive spectroscopy...
Abstract
An investigation was conducted to better understand the time-dependent degradation of thermal barrier coated superalloy components in gas turbines. First-stage vanes are normally subjected to the highest gas velocities and temperatures during operation, and were thus the focus of the study. The samples that were analyzed had been operating at 1350 °C in a gas turbine at a combined-cycle generating plant. They were regenerated once, then used for different lengths of time. The investigation included chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, SEM/energy dispersive spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction. It was shown that degradation is driven by chemical and mechanical differences, oxide growth, depletion, and recrystallization, the combined effect of which results in exfoliation, spallation, and mechanical thinning.
Book Chapter
Failure Analysis of Cracks Formed at Extrados of Bend Pipe of API 5L X65M Grade
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001836
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... along a crack on the extrados to document the crack morphology using optical microscopy. In addition to cracking, golden-yellow streaks were visible at the extrados, and the composition was examined using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Based on the results...
Abstract
An investigation was conducted to determine why 16 out of 139 pipe bends cracked during hot induction bending. The pipe conformed to API 5L X65 PSL2 line pipe standards and measured 1016 mm (40 in.) in diam with a wall thickness of 18.5 mm. A metallurgical cross section was removed along a crack on the extrados to document the crack morphology using optical microscopy. In addition to cracking, golden-yellow streaks were visible at the extrados, and the composition was examined using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy. Based on the results, investigators concluded the pipe was contaminated with copper at the mill were it was produced.
Book Chapter
Environmental Cracking of a Low-Alloy Steel Welded Impeller Cover From a Centrifugal Unit
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1992
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v01.c9001072
EISBN: 978-1-62708-214-3
... to the outer diameter. The entire impeller surface was tested by the dry magnetic particle method. Visual and microstructural examinations revealed intergranular cracking. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy of corrosion products contained in the cracks disclosed the presence of chlorine and sulfur The failure...
Abstract
Radial cracking occurred adjacent to 11 vanes in a 19-vane impeller operating in a chemical plant environment. The impeller vanes were fillet welded to both the disk and the cover Cracks were next to the fillet welds and near the cover outer diameter They generally did not extend to the outer diameter. The entire impeller surface was tested by the dry magnetic particle method. Visual and microstructural examinations revealed intergranular cracking. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy of corrosion products contained in the cracks disclosed the presence of chlorine and sulfur The failure was attributed to stress-corrosion cracking caused by a corrosive atmosphere.
Book Chapter
Failed Mixer Pivot Support of An Army Attack Helicopter
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001293
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... of the fracture surface failed in an intergranular fashion. Energy dispersive spectroscopy determined that deposits of sand, corrosion and salts were found within the pits. The failure started by hydrogen charging as a result of corrosion, and was aggravated by the stress concentration effects of pitting...
Abstract
A forged, cadmium-plated electroslag remelt (ESR) 4340 steel mixer pivot support of the rotor support assembly located on an Army attack helicopter was found to be broken in two pieces during an inspection. Visual inspection of the failed part revealed significant wear on surfaces that contacted the bushing and areas at the machined radius where the cadmium coating had been damaged, which allowed corrosion pitting to occur. Optical microscopy showed that the crack origin was located at the machined radius within a region that was severely pitted. Electron microscopy revealed that most of the fracture surface failed in an intergranular fashion. Energy dispersive spectroscopy determined that deposits of sand, corrosion and salts were found within the pits. The failure started by hydrogen charging as a result of corrosion, and was aggravated by the stress concentration effects of pitting at the radius and the high notch sensitivity of the material. The failure mechanism was hydrogen-assisted and was most likely a combination of stress-corrosion cracking and corrosion fatigue. Recommendations were to improve the inspection criteria of the component in service and the material used in fabrication.
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