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corrosion cavities

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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 2 Erosion/corrosion cavities in the Inconel cladding at the steam impingement area. More
Image
Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 4 Macrograph showing the hot corrosion cavities found on the SS of the bucket More
Image
Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 5 ( a ) Macrograph showing the appearance of corrosion cavities, ( b ) macrograph showing the appearance and EDS analysis of local corrosion cavities in different locations: 1—oxide scale, 2—subscale sulfide particles, 3—remaining coating, not affected by corrosion More
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 3 Metallographic cross section of erosion/corrosion cavity in the Inconel cladding. Magnification 4× More
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 4 Intergranular corrosion at the cavities in the Inconel cladding. Magnification 100× More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.pulp.c9001563
EISBN: 978-1-62708-230-3
... steel with 0.075-inch thick Inconel cladding alloy 600. The failure was caused by an erosion/corrosion leak at the midsection ( Fig. 1 ). Erosion/corrosion was confined to a localized area directly facing the steam inlet nozzle. The erosion/corrosion cavities were smooth-bottomed pits ( Figs. 2 and 3...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001827
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... Fig. 1 Schematic of the gas turbine [ 13 ] Fig. 2 Regimes of high-temperature attack; temperatures are approximate [ 1 ] Fig. 3 Macrograph showing the bucket from the first stage in as-received condition Fig. 4 Macrograph showing the hot corrosion cavities found...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001297
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... ballast in aluminum spar bore cavity and fracture which initiated at bore wall. Approximately 13×. Fig. 4 Scanning electron micrograph of tail rotor blade failure origin. Micrograph shows multiple pits at origin with associated corrosion product. Beach marks are shown emanating from pits...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c9001454
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... condition. There was no evidence of cracking of the material in the region of the blisters and bend tests demonstrated it possessed satisfactory ductility. The primary cause of the blistering was ascribed to the presence of discontinuities within the plate. This provided cavities in which the hydrogen...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.steel.c9001234
EISBN: 978-1-62708-232-7
... Abstract In a copper hot water system, a bent pipe was soldered into a straight pipe with twice the diameter. The neighborhood of the soldered joint was covered with corrosion product predominantly blue-green in color, presumably carbonates. When these corrosion products were scratched off...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001808
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... of the supply line, 1× original magnification Fig. 5 Schematic of the corrosion growth in Fig. 4 Fig. 6 Small surface pits on the ID of the drain piping, 26× original magnification Fig. 7 Subsurface cavity in the drain piping, 50× original magnification, electrolytic oxalic etch...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c0047611
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... seam weld. The cavity shown resulted from crevice corrosion and extended longitudinally below the inner surface of the weld. 60× Conclusions The tubes failed by crevice corrosion. The failed tubes were defective as-received, and the establishment of concentration cells within the longitudinal...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001298
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... (0.010 in.) across at the surface of the spar cavity. No significant amounts of corrosion product were found in the pit. Examination of other spar cavity surfaces revealed numerous smaller corrosion pits. All of the pits were filled with corrosion-preventative primer. Figure 4 shows a higher...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c9001402
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... Abstract Weld-decay and stress-corrosion cracking developed in several similar all-welded vessels fabricated from austenitic stainless steel. During a periodic examination cracks were revealed at the external surface of one of the vessels. External patch welds had been applied...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c9001169
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... was approximately 175 deg C and it was cooled by water at 3 atm. Examination of two sections of the coil showed pinhead size pitting cavities at the exterior surface and partially parallel and partially angled array of fine cracks on external as well as the internal surfaces of the bend. Metallographic examination...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001365
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... structure, which indicates that it was formed during the original impeller casting process. (a)∼18.6×. (b)∼310× Fig. 7 Photomicrograph showing a typical shrinkage cavity in the damaged impeller. Etched in Vilella's reagent. 31× Fig. 8 Photomicrograph showing a typical example of some...
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Section through a type 309S (Nb) stainless steel evaporator tube containing a defective seam weld. The cavity shown resulted from crevice corrosion and extended longitudinally below the inner surface of the weld. 60× More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c0089663
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... defect was observed adjoining a tapped hole. A second, much larger cavity was also detected. Investigation (visual inspection and 7500x SEM fractographs) supported the conclusions that failure occurred through a zone of structural weakness that was caused by internal casting defects and a tapped hole...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001370
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... on the fracture surface. The fracture surface was helical in shape, smooth, and flat. Some portion of the fracture surface was found to have been rubbed. A cavity near the center was observed ( Fig. 3 ). The presence of corrosion deposits masked the macroscopic fracture details. After cleaning with 50...
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 3 Intergranular separation in an area of the surface of the hydrogen embrittlement fracture of the type 431 stainless steel mushroom-head closure of Fig. 4 and 5. When viewed in three-dimension, the somewhat rounded separated-grain surfaces show cavities akin to dimples in appearance More