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corrosion cavities

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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 2 Erosion/corrosion cavities in the Inconel cladding at the steam impingement area. More
Image
Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 4 Macrograph showing the hot corrosion cavities found on the SS of the bucket More
Image
Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 5 ( a ) Macrograph showing the appearance of corrosion cavities, ( b ) macrograph showing the appearance and EDS analysis of local corrosion cavities in different locations: 1—oxide scale, 2—subscale sulfide particles, 3—remaining coating, not affected by corrosion More
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 3 Metallographic cross section of erosion/corrosion cavity in the Inconel cladding. Magnification 4× More
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 4 Intergranular corrosion at the cavities in the Inconel cladding. Magnification 100× More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.pulp.c9001563
EISBN: 978-1-62708-230-3
... steel with 0.075-inch thick Inconel cladding alloy 600. The failure was caused by an erosion/corrosion leak at the midsection ( Fig. 1 ). Erosion/corrosion was confined to a localized area directly facing the steam inlet nozzle. The erosion/corrosion cavities were smooth-bottomed pits ( Figs. 2 and 3...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001827
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... of high-temperature oxidation on the hot corrosion process. Preventative measures are also discussed. gas turbine thermal fatigue cracking hot corrosion superalloys corrosion cavities spark optical emission spectrometry operating temperature GTD 111 (cast nickel-base superalloy) FSX 414...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001297
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... and numerous trails of corrosion pits were located on the spar cavity's inner surfaces. The corrosion pitting resulted from the failure of the thermoset seal in the spar shank cavity. The seal failure allowed moisture to enter into the cavity. The moisture then served as an electrolyte for galvanic corrosion...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c9001454
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... condition. There was no evidence of cracking of the material in the region of the blisters and bend tests demonstrated it possessed satisfactory ductility. The primary cause of the blistering was ascribed to the presence of discontinuities within the plate. This provided cavities in which the hydrogen...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.steel.c9001234
EISBN: 978-1-62708-232-7
... Abstract In a copper hot water system, a bent pipe was soldered into a straight pipe with twice the diameter. The neighborhood of the soldered joint was covered with corrosion product predominantly blue-green in color, presumably carbonates. When these corrosion products were scratched off...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001808
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... organisms [ 3 ]. However, if sulfur or manganese is naturally present in the environment or as a constituent of the metal, these elements cannot be used as a sure sign of MIC. Morphology of the corrosion can be another sign of bacterial growth. Subsurface pitting or cavities can be found in MIC-attributed...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001298
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... in.) deep and 0.254 mm (0.010 in.) across at the surface of the spar cavity. No significant amounts of corrosion product were found in the pit. Examination of other spar cavity surfaces revealed numerous smaller corrosion pits. All of the pits were filled with corrosion-preventative primer. Figure 4...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c0047611
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... seam weld. The cavity shown resulted from crevice corrosion and extended longitudinally below the inner surface of the weld. 60× Conclusions The tubes failed by crevice corrosion. The failed tubes were defective as-received, and the establishment of concentration cells within the longitudinal...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c9001402
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... Abstract Weld-decay and stress-corrosion cracking developed in several similar all-welded vessels fabricated from austenitic stainless steel. During a periodic examination cracks were revealed at the external surface of one of the vessels. External patch welds had been applied...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.chem.c9001169
EISBN: 978-1-62708-220-4
... was approximately 175 deg C and it was cooled by water at 3 atm. Examination of two sections of the coil showed pinhead size pitting cavities at the exterior surface and partially parallel and partially angled array of fine cracks on external as well as the internal surfaces of the bend. Metallographic examination...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001365
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
.... The chlorine (chloride) increases the pitting potential within the pre-existing shrinkage cavities. The copper and nickel are possible indicators of corrosion in water circuit heat exchangers. Fig. 10 Typical results of in situ EDS analyses at the base of shrinkage voids in the impeller Mechanical...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.power.c0089663
EISBN: 978-1-62708-229-7
... defect was observed adjoining a tapped hole. A second, much larger cavity was also detected. Investigation (visual inspection and 7500x SEM fractographs) supported the conclusions that failure occurred through a zone of structural weakness that was caused by internal casting defects and a tapped hole...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001370
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... on the fracture surface. The fracture surface was helical in shape, smooth, and flat. Some portion of the fracture surface was found to have been rubbed. A cavity near the center was observed ( Fig. 3 ). The presence of corrosion deposits masked the macroscopic fracture details. After cleaning with 50...
Image
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Section through a type 309S (Nb) stainless steel evaporator tube containing a defective seam weld. The cavity shown resulted from crevice corrosion and extended longitudinally below the inner surface of the weld. 60× More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 8 Elongated surface cavities on the inside surface of a 70-30 cupronickel tube produced by erosion-corrosion. The tube surface is clean, the attack having occurred due to brine flowing through it at 70 °C (158 °F) with turbulent flow and an excessive level of dissolved oxygen. More