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composition
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006759
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... of corrosion products, the geometry of fracture surfaces, or inaccessibility of the component making chemical analysis a challenge. The investigator must take every precaution to avoid delivering misleading compositional information, and engineering/scientific judgement is key in providing the best possible...
Abstract
Chemical analysis is a critical part of any failure investigation. With the right planning and proper analytical equipment, a myriad of information can be obtained from a sample. This article presents a high-level introduction to techniques often used for chemical analysis during failure analysis. It describes the general considerations for bulk and microscale chemical analysis in failure analysis, the most effective techniques to use for organic or inorganic materials, and examples of using these techniques. The article discusses the processes involved in the chemical analysis of nonmetallics. Advances in chemical analysis methods for failure analysis are also covered.
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in Failure of Rockbolts in Underground Mines in Australia
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Construction, Mining, and Agricultural Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 13 Microstructure at center of Bolt 23 (AXR; type E composition)
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in Failure of Rockbolts in Underground Mines in Australia
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Construction, Mining, and Agricultural Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 14 Microstructure at center of Bolt 24 (Wriggle; type A composition)
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in Failure of Rockbolts in Underground Mines in Australia
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Construction, Mining, and Agricultural Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 15 Microstructure at center of Bolt 14 (AVH; type D composition)
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in Failure of Rockbolts in Underground Mines in Australia
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Construction, Mining, and Agricultural Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 16 Microstructure at center of Bolt 4 (Threadbar; type B composition)
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in Failure of Rockbolts in Underground Mines in Australia
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Construction, Mining, and Agricultural Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 17 Microstructure at center of Bolt 28 (Tempcore X; type E composition)
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in Failure of Rockbolts in Underground Mines in Australia
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Construction, Mining, and Agricultural Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 18 Microstructure at center of Bolt 1 (HPC; type C composition)
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in Cracked Bearing Caps Made of Cast Iron
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Construction, Mining, and Agricultural Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 8 Effect of composition on microstructure, radial sections in groove, etch: Picral. Cap of hypoeutectic cast iron. 3 ×
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in Cracked Bearing Caps Made of Cast Iron
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Construction, Mining, and Agricultural Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 9 Effect of composition on microstructure, radial sections in groove, etch: Picral. Cap core structure according to Fig. 8 . 200 ×
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in Cracked Bearing Caps Made of Cast Iron
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Construction, Mining, and Agricultural Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 10 Effect of composition on microstructure, radial sections in groove, etch: Picral. Cap of hypereutectic cast iron. 3 ×
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in Cracked Bearing Caps Made of Cast Iron
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Construction, Mining, and Agricultural Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 11 Effect of composition on microstructure, radial sections in groove, etch: Picral. Cap core structure according to Fig. 10 . 200 ×
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in Failure Analyses of Six Cylinder Aircraft Engine Crankshafts
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 12 SEM micrograph and Auger spectrum show surface composition film on FCI site of LF14 tension-to-tension fatigue test fracture. (A number of Auger analyses on this FCI film are listed in Table 3 .) 6,000×
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in Degradation of Thermal Barrier Coated Superalloy Component During Service
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 2019
Fig. 5 Composition changes by EDS across bond/substrate interface (a) 721ES, (b) welded, and (c) normal region of inner root area, (d) Aluminum line profile of (a) to (c)
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 20 Specific wear rate as a function of fiber composition in hybrid composite ( L 93 N, velocity V ) 0.5 m/s, nominal V f 0.57 with dotted curve for calculated values as per equation in Ref 59 . IROM, inverse rule of mixture; LROM, linear rule of mixture. Source: Ref 59
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in Hot Cracking of a Pump Impeller From a Nuclear Plant
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 1992
Fig. 8 EDS scan of polished specimen for alloy composition. Element Composition, % Iron 84.66 Chromium 12.61 Nickel 0.98 Silicon 0.27 Manganese 1.48 Molybdenum 0.00
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in Hot Cracking of a Pump Impeller From a Nuclear Plant
> Handbook of Case Histories in Failure Analysis
Published: 01 December 1992
Fig. 9 EDS scan of weld metal for constituents. Element Composition, % Iron 84.33 Chromium 13.68 Nickel 0.36 Silicon 0.35 Manganese 1.25 Molybdenum 0.03
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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.aero.c9001517
EISBN: 978-1-62708-217-4
... Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to determine the cause of the ultrasonic signal attenuation noted during an inspection of a composite aircraft component. Although ultrasonics was able to identify the location of the defective areas, destructive analysis had to be utilized...
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the cause of the ultrasonic signal attenuation noted during an inspection of a composite aircraft component. Although ultrasonics was able to identify the location of the defective areas, destructive analysis had to be utilized to determine the exact nature of the defect. The investigation describes how cross-sectioning, fractography, and chemical analysis were utilized to determine the type of defect responsible for the signal attenuation.
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in Failure Investigation of a Structural Component of the Main Landing Gear of a Transport Aircraft
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Air and Spacecraft
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 8 A composite micrograph showing the profile of the corrosion pit. The arrow from the dotted line marks the depth of the pit. The second arrow in the middle marks the manganese phosphate coating.
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in Metallurgical Failure Analysis of Titanium Wing Attachment Bolts
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Failure Modes and Mechanisms
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 3 Composite stereomicroscope photograph of the left-hand bolt fracture surface inside the nut taken under oblique lighting. The fracture origin is denoted by the arrow.
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in Stress-Corrosion Cracking of a Stainless Steel Wire-Rope Terminal
> ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories: Material Handling Equipment
Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Composite micrograph of a transverse section through a type 303(Se) stainless steel eye terminal for a wire rope showing corroded crack surface and final-fracture region. 75×
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