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Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001433
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... Abstract On attempting to manipulate or bend a boiler tube some 22 ft. long, sudden failure occurred at what appeared to be a butt weld in the tube. Externally, the weld reinforcement had been ground flush and the entire tube surface painted. Internally, the appearance and width of the heated...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.process.c9001194
EISBN: 978-1-62708-235-8
... Abstract A seamless hot-drawn boiler tube NW 300 of 318 mm OD and 9 mm wall thickness made of steel 15Mo3 was bent with sand filling after preheating allegedly to 1000 deg C. In the process it had cracked repeatedly in the drawn fiber. The composition corresponded to specifications...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001739
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... Abstract The rear wall tube section of a boiler that had been in service for approximately 38 years was removed and examined. Visual examination of the tube revealed a small bulge with a through-wall crack. Metallography showed that the microstructure of the bulged area consisted of a few...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001321
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... Abstract Tube failures occurred in quick succession in two boiler units from a bank of six boilers in a refinery. The failures were confined to the SAE 192 carbon steel horizontal support tubes of the superheater pack. In both cases, the failure was by perforation adjacent to the welded fin...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v02.c9001322
EISBN: 978-1-62708-215-0
... Abstract A failed SAE-192 carbon steel tube from a 6.2-MPa (900-psig), 200-Mg/h (180-ton/h) capacity refinery boiler was analyzed to determine its failure mode. Optical and SEM examination results were combined with knowledge of the boiler operating conditions to conclude that the failure...
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001791
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... temperatures. The combined effect of pitting, incrustations, and phase transformations caused the pipe to rupture. boiler tube fracture corrosion pits salt incrustation carbon steel thermal fatigue striations dimples microstructural analysis plastic strain A192 (carbon steel) UNS K01201...
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 20 Hydrogen damage (dark area) in a carbon steel boiler tube. The tube cross section was macroetched with hot 50% hydrochloric acid. More
Series: ASM Failure Analysis Case Histories
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.fach.v03.c9001826
EISBN: 978-1-62708-241-9
... Abstract A back wall riser tube in a high pressure boiler failed, interrupting operations in a cogeneration plant. The failure occurred in a tube facing the furnace, causing eight ruptured openings over a 1.8 m section. The investigation consisted of an on-site visual inspection, nondestructive...
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 8 Failure wheel for boiler tube damage mechanisms. Underlined mechanisms are always secondary in this system. More
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 7 Thin-lip rupture in a boiler tube that was caused by rapid overheating. This rupture exhibits a “cobra” appearance as a result of lateral bending under the reaction force imposed by escaping steam. The tube was a 64-mm (2 1 2 -in.) outside-diameter × 6.4-mm (0.250-in.) wall More
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 18 Micrograph of an etched specimen from a carbon steel boiler tube. Decarburization and discontinuous intergranular cracking resulted from hydrogen damage. 250× More
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 22 Carbon steel boiler tube that ruptured due to hydrogen damage. More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 7 Failure wheel for boiler tube damage mechanisms. Underlined mechanisms are always secondary in this system. More
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 16 Schematic of three-layer deposit on a boiler tube experiencing coal-ash corrosion. The middle layer tends to be molten, which reacts and dissolves the protective tube oxides, leading to corrosion at the 10 and 2 o’clock positions relative to the crown of the tube (12 o’clock). Adapted More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Failure of boiler tube during bending operation. More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Caustic cracking of boiler tube within expanded region. More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Cracking from internal surface of boiler tube. (×25). More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 2 Severe oxidation of boiler tube to give uniform layer of crystalline magnetite More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 5 Studded boiler tube showing localised attack in line with studs More
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Published: 01 June 2019
Fig. 1 Carbon steel boiler tube that ruptured due to hydrogen damage. More